Castes and Tribes of Southern India: Volume VI—P to S Project Gutenberg's Castes and Tribes of Southern India, by Edgar Thurston This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Castes and Tribes of Southern India Vol. 6 of 7 Author: Edgar Thurston Contributor: K. Rangachari Release Date: June 21, 2013 [EBook #42996] Language: English Character set encoding: ASCII *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TRIBES OF SOUTHERN INDIA *** Produced by Jeroen Hellingman and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at for Project Gutenberg. Palli worshipping Munēswara. Some Palli Poligars have very high-sounding names, such as Agni Kudirai Eriya Rāya Rāvutha Minda Nainar, i.e., Nainar who conquered Rāya Rāvutha and mounted a fire horse. This name is said to commemorate a contest between a Palli and a Rāvutha, at which the former sat on a red-hot metal horse. Enter your location to see which movie theaters are playing Pancham Unmixed: An Unending Journey near you. ENTER CITY, STATE OR ZIP CODE GO. Fandango Fanalert™. Unmixed| definition: not constituting a compound| synonyms: uncombined, uncompounded. Further names are Sāmidurai Surappa Sozhaganar and Anjāda Singam (fearless lion). Some Pallis have adopted Gupta as a title. A few Palli families now maintain a temple of their own, dedicated to Srīnivāsa, at the village of Kumalam in the South Arcot district, live round the temple, and are largely dependent on it for their livelihood. Most of them dress exactly like the temple Battars, and a stranger would certainly take them for Battar Brāhmans. Some of them are well versed in the temple ritual, and their youths are being taught the Sandyavandhana (morning prayer) and Vēdas by a Brāhman priest. Ordinary Palli girls are taken by them in marriage, but their own girls are not allowed to marry ordinary Pallis; and, as a result of this practice of hypergamy, the Kumalam men sometimes have to take to themselves more than one wife, in order that their young women may be provided with husbands. These Kumalam Pallis are regarded as priests of the Pallis, and style themselves Kōvilar, or temple people. But, by other castes, they are nicknamed Kumalam Brāhmans. They claim to be Kshatriyas, and have adopted the title Rāyar. [] Other titles, “indicating authority, bravery, and superiority,” assumed by Pallis are Nāyakar, Varma, Padaiyāchi (head of an army), Kandar, Chēra, Chōla, Pāndya, Nayanar, Udaiyar, Samburāyar, etc. Still further titles are Pillai, Reddi, Goundan, and Kavandan. Some say that they belong to the Chōla race, and that, as such, they should be called Chembians. Iranya Varma, the name of one of the early Pallava kings, was returned as their caste by certain wealthy Pallis, who also gave themselves the title of Sōlakanar (descendant of Chōla kings) at the census, 1901. In reply to a question by the Census Superintendent, 1891, as to the names of the sub-divisions of the caste, it was stated that “the Vanniyans are either of the solar and lunar or Agnikula race, or Ruthra Vanniyar, Krishna Vanniyar, Samboo Vanniyar, Brahma Vanniyar, and Indra Vanniyar.” The most important of the sub-divisions returned at the census were Agamudaiyan, Agni, Arasu (Rāja), Kshatriya, Nāgavadam (cobra’s hood, or ear ornament of that shape), Nattamān, Ōlai (palm leaf), Pandamuttu, and Perumāl gōtra. Pandamuttu is made by Winslow to mean torches arranged so as to represent an elephant. But the Pallis derive the name from panda muttu, or touching the pandal, in reference to the pile of marriage pots reaching to the top of the pandal. The lowest pot is decorated with figures of elephants and horses. At a marriage among the Pandamuttu Pallis, the bride and bridegroom, in token of their Kshatriya descent, are seated on a raised dais, which represents a simhāsanam or throne. The bride wears a necklace of glass beads with the tāli, and the officiating priest is a Telugu Brāhman. Other []sub-castes of the Pallis, recorded in the Census Report, 1901, are Kallangi in Chingleput, bearing the title Reddi, and Kallavēli, or Kallan’s fence, in the Madura district. The occupational title Kottan (bricklayer) was returned by some Pallis in Coimbatore. In the Salem district some Pallis are divided into Anju-nāl (five days) and Pannendū-nāl (twelve days), according as they perform the final death ceremonies on the fifth or twelfth day after death, to distinguish them from those who perform them on the sixteenth day. Another division of Pallis in the Salem district is based on the kind of ear ornament which is worn. The Ōlai Pallis wear a circular ornament (ōlai), and the Nāgavadam Pallis wear an ornament in shape like a cobra and called nāgavadam. Mannarswāmi in front of shrine. The Pallis are classed with the left-hand section. But the Census Superintendent, 1871, records that “the wives of the agricultural labourers (Pallis) side with the left hand, while the husbands help in fighting the battles of the right; and the shoe-makers’ (Chakkiliyan) wives also take the side opposed to their husbands. During these factional disturbances, the ladies deny to their husbands all the privileges of the connubial state.” This has not, however, been confirmed in recent investigations into the customs of the caste. The Pallis are Saivites or Vaishnavites, but are also demonolaters, and worship Mutyālamma, Māriamma, Ayanar, Munēswara, Ankālamma, and other minor deities. Writing nearly a century ago concerning the Vana Pallis settled at Kolar in Mysore, Buchanan states that “they are much addicted to the worship of the saktis, or destructive powers, and endeavour to avert their wrath by bloody sacrifices. These are performed []by cutting off the animal’s head before the door of the temple, and invoking the deity to partake of the sacrifice. There is no altar, nor is the blood sprinkled on the image, and the body serves the votaries for a feast. The Pallivānlu have temples dedicated to a female spirit of this kind named Mutialamma, and served by pūjāris (priests) of their own caste. They also offer sacrifices to Māriamma, whose pūjāris are Kurubaru.”. “And there are very skilful men who teach this art (fencing), and they are called Panicars.”— Barbosa. “And when the Naire comes to the age of 7 years, he is obliged to go to the fencing-school, the master of which (whom they call Panical) they regard as a father, on account of the instruction he gives them.”— Barros. “The maisters which teach them be graduates in the weapons which they teach, and they be called in their language Panycaes.”— Castaneda. A class of people called Panikkan are settled in the Madura and Tinnevelly districts. Some of them are barbers to Shānāns. Others have taken to weaving as a profession, and will not intermarry with those who are employed as barbers. “The Panikkans are,” Mr. Francis writes, “weavers, agriculturists, and traders. They employ Brāhmans as priests, but these are apparently not received on terms of equality by other Brāhmans. The Panikkans now frequently call themselves Illam Vellālas, and change their title in deeds and official papers from Panikkan to Pillai. They are also taking to wearing the sacred thread and giving up eating meat. The caste is divided into three vagais or endogamous classes, namely, Mitāl, Pattanam, and Malayālam, and []each of these again has five partly exogamous septs or illams (families), namely, Mūttillam, Tōranattillam, Pallikkillam, Manjanāttillam, and Sōliya-illam. It is stated that the Mitāl and Pattanam sections will eat together though they do not intermarry, but that the Malayālam section can neither dine with nor marry into the other two. They are reported to have an elaborate system of caste government, under which eleven villages form a gadistalam (or stage), and send representatives to its council to settle caste matters; and eleven gadistalams form a nādu (or country), and send representatives to a chief council, which decides questions which are beyond the competence of the gadistalams.” The occurrence of Malayām as the name of a sub-division, and of the Malayālam word illam as that of the exogamous septs, would seem to indicate that the Panikkans are immigrants from the westward into the Tamil country. Panimagan (work children).—A name for Mukkuvans who are employed as barbers for members of their caste. Panisavan.—Panisavan is defined in the Salem Manual as “a corruption of paniseygiravan (panisaivon), literally meaning one who works (or does service), and is the caste name of the class, whose business it is to carry news of death to the relations of the deceased, and to blow the thārai or long trumpet.” According to Mr. Stuart, Panisavan appears to answer among the Tamilians to the Dāsaris or Tādas of the Telugus. It is a mendicant caste, worshipping Siva. Unlike the Tādas, however, they often employ themselves in cultivation, and are, on the whole, a more temperate and []respectable class. Their priests are Brāhmans, and they eat flesh, and drink alcoholic liquor very freely. The dead are generally burned. There are two classes of Panisavans, of which one works for the right-hand section, and the other for the left. This division is purely professional, and there is apparently no bar to intermarriage between the two classes. The insignia of a Panisavan are the conch-shell ( Turbinella rapa) and thārai, which he supports from the ground by means of a bamboo pole while he blows it. At marriage processions, it is his duty to go in front, sounding the thārai from time to time. On such occasions, and at festivals of the village goddesses, the thārai is decorated with a string bearing a number of small triangular pieces of cloth, and tufts of yak’s hair. The cloth should be white for the right-hand section, and of five different colours for the left. At the present day, the Panisavan is more in request for funerals than for weddings. In the city of Madras, all the materials necessary for the bier are sold by Panisavans, who also keep palanquins for the conveyance of the corpse in stock, which are let out on hire. At funerals, the Panisavan has to follow the corpse, blowing his conch-shell. The thārai is only used if the deceased was an important personage. When the son goes round the corpse with a pot of water, the Panisavan accompanies him, and blows the conch. On the last day of the death ceremonies (karmāndhiram), the Panisavan should be present, and blow his conch, especially when the tāli (marriage badge) is removed from a widow’s neck. In some places, the Panisavan conveys the news of death, while in others this duty is carried out by a barber. In the Chingleput and North Arcot districts, the Panisavans constitute a separate []caste, and have no connection with the Nōkkans, who are beggars attached to the Palli or Vanniyan caste. In South Arcot and Tanjore, on the other hand, the name Nōkkan is used to signify the caste, which performs the duties of the Panisavan, for which it seems to be a synonym. The Panisavans of the Tinnevelly district have nothing in common with those of the northern districts, e.g., Chingleput and North Arcot, whose duty it is to attend to the funeral ceremonies of the non-Brāhman castes. The main occupations of the Tinnevelly Panisavans are playing in temples on the nāgasaram (reed instrument), and teaching Dēva-dāsis dancing. Another occupation, which is peculiar to the Tinnevelly Panisavans, is achu vēlai, i.e., the preparation of the comb to which the warp threads of a weaving loom are tied. Socially the Panisavans occupy a lowly position, but they use the title Pulavar. Their other titles are Pandāram, Pillai, and Mudali. Paniyan.—The Paniyans are a dark-skinned tribe, short in stature, with broad noses, and curly or wavy hair, inhabiting the Wynād, and those portions of the Ernād, Calicut, Kurumbranād and Kottayam tāluks of Malabar, which skirt the base of the ghāts, and the Mudanād, Cherangōd, and Namblakōd amshams of the Nīlgiri district. The following detailed account of the marriage ceremonies among the Tangalān Paraiyans was furnished by Mr. The parents or near relations of the contracting parties meet, and talk over the match. If an agreement is arrived at, an adjournment is made to the nearest liquor shop, and a day fixed for the formal exchange of betel leaves, which is the sign of a binding engagement. A Paraiyan, when he goes to seek the hand of a girl in marriage, will not eat at her house if her family refuse to consider the alliance, to which the consent of the girl’s maternal uncle is essential. The Paraiyan is particular in the observation of omens, and, if a cat or a valiyan (a bird) crosses his path when he sets out in quest of a bride, he will give her up. The betrothal ceremony, or pariyam, is binding as long as the contracting couple are alive. They may live together as man and wife without performing the marriage ceremony, and children born to them are considered as legitimate. But, when their offspring marry, the parents must first go through the marriage rites, and the children are then married in the same pandal on the same day. []At the betrothal ceremony, the headman, father, maternal uncle, and two near relations of the bridegroom-elect, proceed to the girl’s house, where they are received, and sit on seats or mats. Drink and plantain fruits are offered to them. Some conversation takes place between the headmen of the two parties, such as “Have you seen the girl? Have you seen her house and relations? Are you disposed to recommend and arrange the match?” If he assents, the girl’s headman says “As long as stones and the Kāveri river exist, so that the sky goddess Akāsavāni and the earth goddess Bhūmadēvi may know it; so that the water-pot (used at the marriage ceremony), and the sun and moon may know it; so that this assembly may know it; I. Give this girl.” The headman of the bridegroom then says “The girl shall be received into the house by marriage. These thirty-six pieces of gold are yours, and the girl is mine.” He then hands betel leaves and areca nuts to the other headman, who returns them. The exchange of betel is carried out three times. Near the headmen is placed a tray containing betel nuts, a rupee, a turmeric-dyed cloth in which a fanam (2½ annas) is tied, a cocoanut, flowers, and the bride’s money varying in amount from seven to twenty rupees. The fanam and bride’s money are handed to the headman of the girl, and the rupee is divided between the two headmen. On the betrothal day, the relations of the girl offer flowers, cocoanuts, etc., to their ancestors, who are supposed to be without food or drink. The Paraiyans believe that the ancestors will be ill-disposed towards them, if they are not propitiated with offerings of rice and other things. For the purpose of worship, the ancestors are represented by a number of cloths kept in a box made of bamboo or other material, to which []the offerings are made. On the conclusion of the ancestor worship, the two headmen go to a liquor shop, and exchange drinks of toddy. This exchange is called mel sambandham kural, or proclaiming relationship. After the lapse of a few days, the girl’s family is expected to pay a return visit, and the party should include at least seven men. Betel is again exchanged, and the guests are fed, or presented with a small gift of money. When marriage follows close on betrothal, the girl is taken to the houses of her relations, and goes through the nalugu ceremony, which consists of smearing her with turmeric paste, an oil bath, and presentation of betel and sweets. The auspicious day and hour for the marriage are fixed by the Valluvan, or priest of the Paraiyans. The ceremonial is generally carried through in a single day. On the morning of the wedding day, three male and two married female relations of the bridegroom go to the potter’s house to fetch the pots, which have been already ordered. The potter’s fee is a fowl, pumpkin, paddy, betel, and a few annas. The bride, accompanied by the headman and her relations, goes to the bridegroom’s village, bringing with her a number of articles called petti varisai or box presents. These consist of a lamp, cup, brass vessel, ear-ornament called kalāppu, twenty-five betel leaves and areca nuts, onions, and cakes, a lump of jaggery (crude sugar), grass mat, silver toe-ring, rice, a bundle of betel leaves and five cocoanuts, which are placed inside a bamboo box. The next item in the proceedings is the erection of the milk-post, which is made of a pestle of tamarind or Soymida febrifuga wood, or a green bamboo. To the post leafy twigs of the mango or pīpal ( Ficus religiosa) are tied. In some places, a pole of the Odina Wodier tree is said to be set up, and afterwards planted near the house, to see if it will grow. []Near the marriage dais a pit is dug, into which are thrown nine kinds of grain, and milk is poured. The milk-post is supported on a grindstone painted with turmeric stripes, washed with milk and cow’s urine, and worshipped, with the Valluvan as the celebrant priest. The post is then set up in the pit by three men and two women. A string with a bit of turmeric (kankanam) is tied to the milk-post, and to it and the dais boiled rice is offered. Kankanams are also tied round the wrists of the bride and bridegroom. The bridegroom’s party go to the temple or house where the bride is awaiting them, bringing with them a brass lamp, vessel and cup, castor and gingelly oil, combs, confectionery, turmeric, and betel leaves. The procession is headed by Paraiyans beating tom-toms, and blowing on trumpets. When their destination is reached, all take their seats on mats, and the various articles which they have brought are handed over to the headman, who returns them. The bride is then taken in procession to the marriage house, which she is the first to enter. She is then told to touch with her right hand some paddy, salt, and rice, placed in three pots inside the house. Touching them with the left hand would be an evil omen, and every mishap which might occur in the family would be traced to the new daughter-in-law. The bride and bridegroom next go through the nalugu ceremony, and some of the relations proceed with the ceremony of bringing sand (manal vāri sadangu). A cousin of the bridegroom and his wife take three pots called sāl karagam and kūresāl, and repair to a river, tank (pond) or well, accompanied by a few men and women. The pots are set on the ground, and close to them are placed a lamp, and a leaf with cakes, betel leaves and nuts set on it. Pūja (worship) is made to the pots by burning camphor and breaking cocoanuts. []The Vettiyan then says “The sun, the moon, the pots, and the owner of the girl have come to the pandal. So make haste and fill the pot with water.” The woman dips a small pot in water, and, after putting some sand or mud into a big pot, pours the water therein. The pots are then again worshipped. After the performance of the nalugu, the bridal couple go through a ceremony for removing the evil eye, called “sige kazhippu.” A leaf of Ficus religiosa, with its tail downwards, is held over their foreheads, and all the close relations pour water over it, so that it trickles over their faces; or seven cakes are placed by each of the relations on the head, shoulders, knees, feet, and other parts of the body of the bridegroom. The cakes are subsequently given to a washerman. The parents of the bridal couple, accompanied by some of their relations, next proceed to an open field, taking with them the cloths, tāli, jewels, and other things which have been purchased for the wedding. A cloth is laid on the ground, and on it seven leaves are placed, and cooked rice, vegetables, etc., heaped up thereon. Pūja is done, and a goat is sacrificed to the ancestors (Tangalanmar). By some the offerings are made to the village goddess Pidāri, instead of to the ancestors. Meanwhile the bridegroom has been taken in procession round the village on horseback, and the headmen have been exchanging betel in the pandal. On the bridegroom’s return, he and the bride seat themselves on planks placed on the dais, and are garlanded by their maternal uncle with wreaths of Nerium odorum flowers. The maternal uncle of the bride presents her with a ring. In some places, the bride is carried to the dais on the shoulders or in the arms of the maternal uncle. While the couple are seated on the dais the Valluvan priest lights the sacred fire (hōmam), and, repeating some words in corrupt Sanskrit, pours gingelly []oil into the fire. He then does pūja to the tāli, and passes it round, to be touched and blessed by those assembled. The bridegroom, taking up the tāli, shows it through a hole in the pandal to the sky or sun, and, on receipt of permission from those present, ties it round the neck of the bride. Thin plates of gold or silver, called pattam, are then tied on the foreheads of the contracting couple, first by the mother-in-law and sister-in-law. With Brāhman and non-Brāhman castes it is customary for the bride and bridegroom to fast until the tāli has been tied. With Paraiyans, on the contrary, the rite is performed after a good meal. Towards the close of the marriage day, fruit, flowers, and betel are placed on a tray before the couple, and all the kankanams, seven in number, are removed, and put on the tray. After burning camphor, the bridegroom hands the tray to his wife, and it is exchanged between them three times. It is then given to the washerman. The proceedings terminate by the two going with linked hands three times round the pandal. On the following day, the bride’s relatives purchase some good curds, a number of plantains, sugar and pepper, which are mixed together. All assemble at the pandal, and some of the mixture is given to the headman, the newly married couple, and all who are present. All the articles which constitute the bride’s dowry are then placed in the pandal, and examined by the headman. If they are found to be correct, he proclaims the union of the couple, and more of the mixture is doled out. This ceremony is known as sambandham kūral or sambandham piriththal (proclaiming relationship). Two or three days after the marriage, the bridegroom goes to the house of the bride, and remains there for three days. He is stopped at the entrance by his brother-in-law, who washes his feet, puts rings on []the second toe, and keeps on pinching his feet until he has extracted a promise that the bridegroom will give his daughter, if one is born to him, in marriage to the son of his brother-in-law. The ring is put on the foot of the bride by her maternal uncle at the time of the marriage ceremony, after the wrist threads have been removed. In some places it is done by the mother-in-law or sister-in-law, before the tāli is tied, behind a screen. Polygamy is not common among the Paraiyans, but Mr. Clayton has known a few instances in which a Paraiyan had two regularly married wives, each wearing a tāli. But it is very common to find that a Paraiyan has, in addition to his formally married wife, another woman who occupies a recognised position in his household. The first wears the tāli. The other woman does not, but is called the second wife. She cannot be dismissed without the sanction of the parachēri council. The man who maintains her is called her husband, and her children are recognised as part of his family. Clayton believes that a second wife is usually taken only when the more formally married wife has no children, or when an additional worker is wanted in the house, or to help in the daily work. Thus a horsekeeper will often have two wives, one to prepare his meals and boil the gram for the horse, the other to go out day by day to collect grass for the horse. The Tamil proverb “The experience of a man with two wives is anguish” applies to all these double unions. There are constant quarrels between the two women, and the man is generally involved, often to his own great inconvenience. It is quite common for a Paraiyan to marry his deceased wife’s sister, if she is not already married. A Paraiya woman usually goes to her mother’s house a month or two before she expects the birth of her first []child, which is born there. Sometimes a medicine woman (maruttuvacchi), who possesses or professes some knowledge of drugs and midwifery, is called in, if the case is a bad one. Generally her barbarous treatment is but additional torture to the patient. Immediately after the birth of the child, the mother drinks a decoction called kashāyam, in which there is much ginger. Hence the Tamil proverb “Is there any decoction without ginger in it?” About a week after the birth, the mother, as a purificatory ceremony, is rubbed with oil and bathed. Among Sūdras there is a family ceremony, to which the Sanskrit name Simanta has been assigned, though it is not the true Simanta observed by Brāhmans. It occurs only in connection with a first pregnancy. The expectant mother stands bending over a rice mortar, and water or human milk is poured on her back by her husband’s elder or younger sister. Money is also given to buy jewels for the expected child. The ceremony is of no interest to anyone outside the family. Hence the proverb “Come, ye villagers, and pour water on this woman’s back.” This is used when outsiders are called in to do for a member of a family what the relatives ought to do. This ceremony is sometimes observed by Paraiyans. Among Brāhmans it is believed to affect the sex of the child. It should be added that it is firmly believed that, if a woman dies during pregnancy or in childbed, her spirit becomes an exceedingly malignant ghost, and haunts the precincts of the village where she dies. A widow does not wear the tāli, which is removed at a gathering of relatives some days after her husband’s death. “The removal of the tāli of a widow,” Mr. Francis writes, “is effected in a curious manner. On []the sixteenth day after the husband’s death, another woman stands behind the widow, who stoops forward, and unties the tāli in such a way that it falls into a vessel of milk placed to receive it. Adoption ceremonies are also odd. The adoptee’s feet are washed in turmeric water by the adopter, who then drinks a little of the liquid. Adoption is accordingly known as manjanīr kudikkiradu, or the drinking of turmeric water, and the adopted son as the manjanīr pillai, or turmeric water boy.” Paraiya women do not wear any distinctive dress when they are widows, and do not shave their heads. But they cease to paint the vermilion mark (kunkumam) on their foreheads, which married women who are living with their husbands always wear, except at times when they are considered ceremonially unclean. The widow of a Paraiyan, if not too old to bear children, generally lives with another man as his wife. Sometimes she is ceremonially married to him, and then wears the tāli. A widow practically chooses her own second husband, and is not restricted to any particular relative, such as her husband’s elder or younger brother. The practice of the Levirate, by which the younger brother takes the widow of the elder, is non-existent as a custom among Paraiyas, though instances of such unions may be found. Indeed the popular opinion of the Tamil caste credits the Paraiyan with little regard for any of the restrictions of consanguinity, either prohibitive or permissive. “The palmyra palm has no shadow: the Paraiyan has no regard for seemliness” is a common Tamil proverb. It is stated, in the Madras Census Report, 1891, that “the Paraiyans have been but little affected by Brāhmanical doctrines and customs, though in respect to ceremonies they have not escaped their influence. Paraiyans are nominally Saivites, but in reality they are demon []worshippers.” The Hōmakulam tank in the South Arcot district is reputed to be the place where Nanda, the Paraiyan saint, bathed before he performed sacrifice preparatory to his transfiguration to Brāhmanhood. Brāhman influence has scarcely affected the Paraiyan at all, even in ceremonial. No Paraiyan may enter any Vaishnava or Saiva temple even of the humblest sort, though of course his offerings of money are accepted, if presented by the hands of some friendly Sūdra, even in such exclusive shrines as that of Srī Vīra Rāghava Swāmi at Tiruvallūr. It is true that Paraiyans are often termed Saivites, but there are many nominal Vaishnavas among them, who regularly wear the nāmam of Vishnu on their foreheads. The truth is that the feminine deities, commonly called dēvata, have been identified by Hindus with the feminine energy of Siva, and thus the Paraiyans who worship them have received the sectarian epithet. As a matter of fact, the wearing of the nāmam of Vishnu, or the smearing of the ashes of Siva, is of no meaning to a Paraiyan. They are neither Saivites nor Vaishnavites. Like all other Dravidians, the Paraiyans acknowledge the existence of a supreme, omnipresent, personal spiritual Being, the source of all, whom they call Kadavul (He who is). Kadavul possesses no temples, and is not worshipped, but he is the highest conception of Paraiya thought. Paraiyans worship at least three classes of godlings or dēvata, generally called the mothers (ammā). Sometimes they are worshipped as the virgins (Kanniyammā) or the seven virgins. These mothers may be worshipped collectively in a group. They are then symbolised by seven stones or bricks, perhaps within a little enclosure, or on a little platform []in the Paraiya hamlet, or under a margosa ( Melia Azadirachta) tree, or sheltered by a wattle hut, or even by a small brick temple. This temple is universally known as the Amman Koil. More usually, one particular mother is worshipped at the Paraiya shrine. She is then called the grāma dēvata, or village goddess, of the particular hamlet. The names of these goddesses are legion. Each village claims that its own mother is not the same as that of the next village, but all are supposed to be sisters. Each is supposed to be the guardian of the boundaries of the chēri or grāmam where her temple lies, sometimes of both grāmam and chēri. She is believed to protect its inhabitants and its livestock from disease, disaster and famine, to promote the fecundity of cattle and goats, and to give children. In a word, she is called the benefactress of the place, and of all in it who worship her. The following are a few of the names of these village tutelary deities:—. Parava devil-dancer. [] “Lastly, as to the Paraiyas of North Travancore. Their condition seems lowest of all, as they enter further into the Malayālam country, and enjoy fewer opportunities of escape from caste degradation and from bitter servitude. ‘Their own tradition,’ the Rev. Matthan writes, ‘has it that they were a division of the Brāhmans, who were entrapped into a breach of caste by their enemies, through making them eat beef. They eat carrion and other loathsome things. The carcases of all domestic animals are claimed by them as belonging to them by right. They frequently poison cows, and otherwise kill them for the sake of their flesh. They are also charged with kidnapping women of the higher castes, whom they are said to treat in the most brutal manner. It is their custom to turn robbers in the month of February, in which month they pretend the wrong was done them, to break into the houses of the Brāhmans and Nairs, and to carry away their women, children, and property, to which they are actuated more by motives of revenge than of interest, and to justify which they plead the injury their caste had received from these parties. In former times, they appear to have been able to perpetrate these cruelties almost with impunity, from the fear of which the people still betray great uneasiness, though the custom has now grown into disuse.’” Pārasaivan.—A title of Ōcchans, who are Saivites, and priests at temples of Grāma Dēvatas (village deities). In the Malayālam country Pārasāva occurs as a title of Variyar, a section of Ambalavāsi. The word indicates the son of a Brāhman by a Sūdra woman. Parava.—The Tulu-speaking Paravas of South Canara are, like the Nalkes and Pombadas, devil-dancers, []and are further employed in the manufacture of baskets and umbrellas. Socially, they occupy a higher position than the Nalkes, but rank below the Pombadas. The bhūthas (devils) whose disguise they assume are Kodamanitaya and the Baiderukalu, who may not be represented by Nalkes; and they have no objection to putting on the disguise of other bhūthas. Paravas are engaged for all kinds of devil-dances when Nalkes are not available. ( See Nalke.). Patnūkāran marriage procession. “On entering a Patnūlkāran’s house, we are led to a courtyard, spacious and neat, where all the necessary arrangements are made for weaving purposes. The Patnūlkārans live in streets. A male Patnūlkāran resembles a Tamil Vaishnava Brāhman in outward appearance, but the women follow the custom of the Telugu Brāhmans alike in their costume and ornaments. 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(Please remember to honor your company's IT policies before installing new software!) • • • •. The Blurb plug-in for Adobe InDesign allows you to create a blank template for your Blurb books, in the correct size and format we require. All you have to do is add your content and upload the PDF to Blurb. Using the plug-in will give you the best possible print results, so if you have InDesign CS3 or above, we highly recommend you download and install the plug-in. If you have previous Blurb InDesign projects and want to open them in the plug-in see our. Here are some tips for using the plug-in. Installing the Plug-in Go to the for the Blurb Plug-in for Adobe InDesign. Download the specific Plug-in for your version of InDesign and choose Save As to save the file. Close InDesign, locate the downloaded plug-in installer, double-click, then follow the install instructions. Things to remember when installing the plug-in: • Be sure to download the correct plug-in. There are specific plug-ins for each version of InDesign for Mac or PC. • You will need to have administrative permissions to install the plug-in (this is the default setting on most systems). • InDesign should not be running during installation of the plug-in. If you are unable to install the plug-in, contact for help. Using the Plug-in Watch the short intro to get started. Once the plug-in has been successfully installed, the Blurb InDesign Plugin (Blurb Book Creator) can be found at the bottom of the INDESIGN FILE menu Follow the steps below to create, review and upload your project: • Step 1 – Click on the Create New Book button. • Step 2 - Book Details – Enter the title of your project and your author name. Select a book trim size, paper type and cover option. You may also elect to create an iPad aspect ratio ebook from scratch from within the plug-in. Enter an estimated page count. (You can change the page count later). • Step 3a – Create your pages template. • Click on Create Pages Template which will open a template ready for you to design. • Be sure to place all of your art on the 'Your Design Goes Here' layer. The 'Instruction Layer' is simply to provide help and guides and will not be exported to your final project. You may, if you wish, hide or delete this layer if it becomes distracting. • Step 3b – Create your cover template. • Once the pages design is complete and you know the exact page count of your book, return to the Plugin (FILE->BLURB BOOK CREATOR). • Enter the final page count into the Number of Pages from Step 2. • Click on Create Cover Template and a cover template will open for you to design. If you would like to reopen a previously created template, simply click on the Pencil Icon to re-open the linked template to edit. • Step 3c – Creating a design for ebook. To ensure the quality of your ebook we recommend not using the following: • Multimedia (Video or Audio assets) • Manipulated text (stretching, drop-caps, scaling, text on paths) • Page Linking (Table of Contents, Footnotes, Indices). • Text Container borders or fills • Inline Graphics • Step 4 – Review, upload and order your book. • Once your pages and then Cover designs are complete, return to the Plugin (FILE-> BLURB BOOK CREATOR) and select Upload Book. • Your file will begin the preflight process and then open your default PDF viewer. • You will then be directed to your Book Detail Page where you can then place an order for your newly uploaded book 3. Follow this checklist to ensure your PDFs pass preflight • Watch our short introductory to see of all of the great ways to use the plugin. • Do not modify the template dimensions after creating your templates. • Be sure to create your Cover template AFTER you finish your Pages design and know your exact page count. • Save your documents to a permanent location. For the plug-in to keep track of your projects, do not manually move the files to other folders, or the links will be lost. • Review your final exported PDFs with Adobe Acrobat or Reader prior to uploading. Advanced Plugin Tools Replace an already created template. • If you decide to replace an already created template with a new one, select the Page Icon and you can create an entirely new template to replace a current one. • If you click this button by mistake, or would like to re-link your old file, simply click on the link icon to re-link it to the existing project. Relinking an already created template. • If you've moved or somehow the links to your template has been lost, select the Chain Link Icon to relink your template. Be sure to link the correct Pages and Cover templates or they may fail preflight. Adobe® and InDesign® are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. QuarkXPress® is a registered trademark of Quark Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. ShareMe - free World Ready Indesign Plugin Cs3 download Categories|||| • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Top Downloads • BootRacer Tests How Fast is your PC! • The most powerful encryption software to. • Crave Accounting software is an easy to use. • Money Manager Ex is a free, open-source. • AgileTrack is an agile/extreme programming (XP). • An intelligent freeware to fix common PC. 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As the data is plain understandable XML, it may be used for any other. Download PC Game Mafia 2 Free Download PC Download Free Mafia 2 PC Game Full Download Download Mafia 2 Download Free Game For PC Minimum System Requirements: * Operating System: Windows XP / Windows Vista / Windows 7 * Processor: Intel Dual Core @ 2.4 GHz or higher * Memory: 1 GB of RAM (2 GB for Vista & Win 7) * Graphics Card: 512 MB (Nvidia GeForce 7900) Pixel Shader 3.0 * Hard Disk: 7 GB free disk space * Sound Card DirectX® compatible * DirectX® 9.0 FileParadox Download Links: Password: www.gloverzz.net Installation Notes: 1. Mount the game image. Play the game. Overview of Mafia2.exe What Is Mafia2.exe? Mafia2.exe is a type of EXE file associated with Mafia II developed by Windows Software Developer for the Windows Operating System. The latest known version of Mafia2.exe is 1. 1, which was produced for Windows. Mafia II: Joe's Adventure is a free DLC for Mafia II game. Joe’s Adventures offers an engaging narrative and allows players to explore new locations, including a. This EXE file carries a popularity rating of 1 stars and a security rating of 'UNKNOWN'. What Are EXE Files? EXE ('executable') files, such as mafia2.exe, are files that contain step-by-step instructions that a computer follows to carry out a function. When you 'double-click' an EXE file, your computer automatically executes these instructions designed by a software developer (eg. Windows Software Developer) to run a program (eg. Mafia II) on your PC. Every software application on your PC uses an executable file - your web browser, word processor, spreadsheet program, etc. - making it one of the most useful kinds of files in the Windows operating system. Without executable files like mafia2.exe, you wouldn't be able to use any programs on your PC. Why Do I Have EXE Errors? Because of their usefulness and ubiquity, EXE files are commonly used as a method of delivery for virus / malware infection. Often, viruses will be disguised as a benign EXE file (such as mafia2.exe) and distributed through SPAM email or malicious websites, which can then infect your computer when executed (eg. When you double-click the EXE file). In addition, viruses can infect, replace, or corrupt existing EXE files, which can then lead to error messages when Mafia II or related programs are executed. Thus, any executable files that you download to your PC should be scanned for viruses before opening - even if you think it is from a reputable source. When Do EXE Errors Occur? EXE errors, such as those associated with mafia2.exe, most often occur during computer startup, program startup, or while trying to use a specific function in your program (eg. Common Mafia2.exe Error Messages The most common mafia2.exe errors that can appear on a Windows-based computer are: • 'Mafia2.exe Application Error.' • 'Mafia2.exe is not a valid Win32 application.' • 'Mafia2.exe has encountered a problem and needs to close. We are sorry for the inconvenience.' • 'Cannot find mafia2.exe.' • 'Mafia2.exe not found.' • 'Error starting program: mafia2.exe.' • 'Mafia2.exe is not running.' • 'Mafia2.exe failed.' • 'Faulting Application Path: mafia2.exe.' These EXE error messages can appear during program installation, while a mafia2.exe-related software program (eg. Mafia II) is running, during Windows startup or shutdown, or even during the installation of the Windows operating system. Keeping track of when and where your mafia2.exe error occurs is a critical piece of information in troubleshooting the problem. Recommendation: Causes of Mafia2.exe Errors Mafia2.exe problems can be attributed to corrupt or missing files, invalid registry entries associated with Mafia2.exe, or a virus / malware infection. More specifically, these mafia2.exe errors can be caused by: • Corrupt Windows registry keys associated with mafia2.exe / Mafia II. • Virus or malware infection that has corrupted the mafia2.exe file or related Mafia II program files. • Another program maliciously or mistakenly deleted mafia2.exe-related files. • Another program is in conflict with Mafia II and its shared referenced files. • Corrupt download or incomplete installation of Mafia II software. Caution: We do not recommend downloading mafia2.exe from 'EXE download' sites. These sites distribute EXE files that are unapproved by the official mafia2.exe file developer, and can often be bundled with virus-infected or other malicious files. If you require a copy of mafia2.exe, it is recommended that you obtain it directly from Windows Software Developer. Below is a list of troubleshooting steps to resolve your mafia2.exe problems. These troubleshooting steps get progressively more difficult and time consuming, so we strongly recommend attempting them in ascending order to avoid unnecessary time and effort. Please Note: Click the [ ] image to expand the troubleshooting instructions for each step below. You can also click the [ ] image to hide the instructions as you proceed through each step. Sometimes mafia2.exe and other EXE system errors can be related to problems in the Windows registry. Several programs can share the same mafia2.exe file, but when these programs are uninstalled or changed, sometimes 'orphaned' (invalid) EXE registry entries are left behind. Basically, what this means is that while the actual file path may have changed, its incorrect former location is still recorded in the Windows registry. When Windows tries looking up these incorrect file references (file locations on your PC), mafia2.exe errors can occur. In addition, malware infection may have corrupted the registry entries associated with Mafia II. Thus, these invalid EXE registry entries need to be repaired to fix the root of the problem. Manually editing the Windows registry to remove invalid mafia2.exe keys is not recommended unless you are PC service professional. Incorrectly editing your registry can stop your PC from functioning and create irreversible damage to your operating system. In fact, one misplaced comma can prevent your PC from booting entirely! Because of this risk, we highly recommend using a trusted registry cleaner such as (Developed by Microsoft Gold Certified Partner) to scan and repair any mafia2.exe-related registry problems. Using a automates the process of finding invalid registry entries, missing file references (like the one causing your mafia2.exe error), and broken links within the registry. A backup is automatically created before each scan, with the ability to undo any changes in a single click, protecting you against the possibility of PC damage. The best part is that can also dramatically improve system speed and performance. Caution: Unless you an advanced PC user, we DO NOT recommend editing the Windows registry manually. Using Registry Editor incorrectly can cause serious problems that may require you to reinstall Windows. We do not guarantee that problems resulting from the incorrect use of Registry Editor can be solved. Use Registry Editor at your own risk. To manually repair your Windows registry, first you need to create a backup by exporting a portion of the registry related to mafia2.exe (eg. Mafia II): • Click the Start button. • Type ' command' in the search box. DO NOT hit ENTER yet! • While holding CTRL-Shift on your keyboard, hit ENTER. • You will be prompted with a permission dialog box. • A black box will open with a blinking cursor. • Type ' regedit' and hit ENTER. • In the Registry Editor, select the mafia2.exe-related key (eg. Mafia II) you want to back up. • From the File menu, choose Export. • In the Save In list, select the folder where you want to save the Mafia II backup key. • In the File Name box, type a name for your backup file, such as 'Mafia II Backup'. • In the Export Range box, be sure that ' Selected branch' is selected. • Click Save. • The file is then saved with a.reg file extension. • You now have a backup of your mafia2.exe-related registry entry. The next steps in manually editing your registry will not be discussed in this article due to the high risk of damaging your system. If you would like to learn more about manual registry editing, please see the links below. Tip: If you do not already have a malware protection program installed, we highly recommend using Emsisoft Anti-Malware (). They offer a malware removal guarantee that is not offered by other security software. Over time, your computer accumulates junk files from normal web surfing and computer use. If this junk isn't occasionally cleaned out, it can cause Mafia II to respond slowly or provides an mafia2.exe error, possibly due to file conflicts or an overloaded hard drive. Cleaning up these temporary files with Disk Cleanup might not only solve your mafia2.exe error, but can also dramatically speed up the performance of your PC. Tip: Although Disk Cleanup is a wonderful built-in tool, it will not completely clean up all of the temporary files on your computer. Other programs that you frequently use such Microsoft Office, Firefox, Chrome, Live Messenger, and hundreds of other programs are not cleaned up with Disk Cleanup (including some Windows Software Developer programs). Because of the shortcomings of the Windows Disk Cleanup (cleanmgr) tool, we highly recommend using a specialized hard drive cleanup / privacy protection software such as (Developed by Microsoft Gold Partner) to clean up your entire computer. Running once per day (using automatic scanning) will ensure that your computer is always clean, running fast, and free of mafia2.exe errors related to temporary files. How to run Disk Cleanup (cleanmgr) (Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, and 10): • Click the Start button. • Type ' command' in the search box. DO NOT hit ENTER yet! • While holding CTRL-Shift on your keyboard, hit ENTER. • You will be prompted with a permission dialog box. • A black box will open with a blinking cursor. • Type ' cleanmgr' and hit ENTER. • Disk Cleanup will begin calculating how much occupied disk space you can reclaim. • The Disk Cleanup dialog box will appear with series of checkboxes you can select. In most cases, the 'Temporary Files' category will occupy the most disk space. • Check the boxes of the categories you want to clean and click OK. Mafia2.exe errors can be related to corrupt or outdated device drivers. Drivers can work one day, and suddenly stop working the next day, for a variety of reasons. The good news is that you can often update the device driver to fix the EXE problem. Finding the exact driver for your mafia2.exe-related hardware device can be extremely difficult, even directly on the Windows Software Developer or related manufacturer's website. Even if you are experienced at finding, downloading, and manually updating drivers, the process can still be very time consuming and extremely irritating. Installing the wrong driver, or simply an incompatible version of the right driver, can make your problems even worse. Because of the time and complexity involved in updating drivers, we highly recommend using a such as (Developed by Microsoft Gold Partner) to automate the process. Updates all of your PC device drivers, not just those associated with your EXE error. Proprietary One-Click Update™ technology not only ensures that you have correct driver versions for your hardware, but it also creates a backup of your current drivers before making any changes. Maintaining a driver backup provides you with the security of knowing that you can rollback any driver to a previous version if necessary. With updated device drivers, you can finally unlock new hardware features and improve the speed and performance of your PC. Please Note: Using System Restore will not affect your documents, pictures, or other data. To use System Restore (Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, and 10): • Click the Start button. • In the search box, type 'System Restore' and hit ENTER. • In the results, click System Restore. • Enter any administrator passwords (if prompted). • Follow the steps in the Wizard to choose a restore point. • Restore your computer. If your mafia2.exe error is related to a specific program, reinstalling Mafia II-related software could be the answer. Instructions for Windows 7 and Windows Vista: • Open Programs and Features by clicking the Start button. • Click Control Panel on the right side menu. • Click Programs. • Click Programs and Features. • Locate mafia2.exe-associated program (eg. Mafia II) under the Name column. • Click on the Mafia II-associated entry. • Click the Uninstall button on the top menu ribbon. • Follow the on-screen directions to complete the uninstallation of your mafia2.exe-associated program. Instructions for Windows XP: • Open Programs and Features by clicking the Start button. • Click Control Panel. • Click Add or Remove Programs. • Locate mafia2.exe-associated program (eg. Mafia II) under the list of Currently Installed Programs. • Click on the Mafia II-associated entry. • Click the Remove button on the right side. • Follow the on-screen directions to complete the uninstallation of your mafia2.exe-associated program. Instructions for Windows 8: • Hover the cursor in the bottom left of the screen to produce the Start Menu image. • Right-Click to bring up the Start Context Menu. • Click Programs and Features. • Locate mafia2.exe-associated program (eg. Mafia II) under the Name column. • Click on the Mafia II-associated entry. • Click the Uninstall/Change on the top menu ribbon. • Follow the on-screen directions to complete the uninstallation of your mafia2.exe-associated program. After you have successfully uninstalled your mafia2.exe-associated program (eg. Mafia II), reinstall the program according to the Windows Software Developer instructions. Tip: If you are positive that your EXE error is related to a specific Windows Software Developer program, uninstalling and reinstalling your mafia2.exe-related program will likely be the solution to your problem. System File Checker is a handy tool included with Windows that allows you scan for and restore corruptions in Windows system files (including those related to mafia2.exe). If System File Checker finds a problem with your EXE or other critical system file, it will attempt to replace the problematic files automatically. To run System File Checker ( Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, and 10): • Click the Start button. • Type ' command' in the search box. DO NOT hit ENTER yet! • While holding CTRL-Shift on your keyboard, hit ENTER. • You will be prompted with a permission dialog box. • A black box will open with a blinking cursor. • Type ' sfc /scannow' and hit ENTER. • System File Checker will begin scanning for mafia2.exe and other system file problems (be patient - the system scan may take a while). • Follow the on-screen commands. Microsoft is constantly updating and improving Windows system files that could be associated with mafia2.exe. Sometimes resolving your EXE problems may be as simple as updating Windows with the latest Service Pack or other patch that Microsoft releases on an ongoing basis. To check for Windows Updates (Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, and 10): • Click the Start button. • Type ' update' into the search box and hit ENTER. • The Windows Update dialog box will appear. • If updates are available, click the Install Updates button. Caution: We must emphasize that reinstalling Windows will be a very time-consuming and advanced task to resolve mafia2.exe problems. To avoid data loss, you must be sure that you have backed-up all of your important documents, pictures, software installers, and other personal data before beginning the process. If you are not currently backing up your data, you need to do so immediately () to protect yourself from permanent data loss. This step is your final option in trying to resolve your mafia2.exe issue. Reinstalling Windows will erase everything from your hard drive, allowing you to start again with a fresh system. Furthermore, a clean install of Windows will also quickly clean out any and all 'junk' that has accumulated over the normal usage of your computer. Filename: mafia2.exe Latest Known Version: 1. 1 Developer: File Size (Bytes): 24343192 Software: Operating System: Windows Description: Mafia II Application MD5: 3f0cbdedd696ee5966d3d6 SHA1: EEE15184C1F6A749243D20E42B348E Operating System Information Mafia2.exe error messages can occur in any of the following Microsoft Windows operating systems: • Windows 10 • Windows 8 • Windows 7 • Windows Vista • Windows XP • Windows ME • Windows 2000 Are You Still Experiencing Mafia2.exe Issues? Please reach out to us anytime on social media for more help. Solvusoft: Microsoft Gold Certified Company Recognized for best-in-class capabilities as an ISV (Independent Software Vendor) Solvusoft is recognized by Microsoft as a leading Independent Software Vendor, achieving the highest level of completence and excellence in software development. 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But we still need to pay for servers and staff. The Internet Archive is a bargain, but we need your help. If you find our site useful, please chip in. —Brewster Kahle, Founder, Internet Archive. Donor challenge: A generous supporter will match your donation 3-to-1 right now. Your $5 becomes $20! Dear Internet Archive Supporter: Time is Running Out! I ask only once a year: please help the Internet Archive today. We’re an independent, non-profit website that the entire world depends on. Our work is powered by donations averaging about $41. If everyone chips in $5, we can keep this going for free. For the cost of a used paperback, we can share a book online forever. When I started this, people called me crazy. Collect web pages? Who’d want to read a book on a screen? For 21 years, we’ve backed up the Web, so if government data or entire newspapers disappear, we can say: We Got This. We’re dedicated to reader privacy. We never accept ads. But we still need to pay for servers and staff. If you find our site useful, please chip in. —Brewster Kahle, Founder, Internet Archive. Donor challenge: A generous supporter will match your donation 3-to-1 right now. Your $5 becomes $20! Dear Internet Archive Supporter: Time is Running Out! I ask only once a year: please help the Internet Archive today. We’re an independent, non-profit website that the entire world depends on. Our work is powered by donations averaging about $41. If everyone chips in $5, we can keep this going for free. For the cost of a used paperback, we can share a book online forever. When I started this, people called me crazy. Collect web pages? Who’d want to read a book on a screen? For 21 years, we’ve backed up the Web, so if government data or entire newspapers disappear, we can say: We Got This. We’re dedicated to reader privacy. We never accept ads. But we still need to pay for servers and staff. If you find our site useful, please chip in. —Brewster Kahle, Founder, Internet Archive. Donor challenge: A generous supporter will match your donation 3-to-1 right now. Your $5 becomes $20! Dear Internet Archive Supporter: Time is Running Out! I ask only once a year: please help the Internet Archive today. We’re an independent, non-profit website that the entire world depends on. Our work is powered by donations averaging about $41. If everyone chips in $5, we can keep this going for free. For the cost of a used paperback, we can share a book online forever. When I started this, people called me crazy. Collect web pages? Who’d want to read a book on a screen? For 21 years, we’ve backed up the Web, so if government data or entire newspapers disappear, we can say: We Got This. We’re dedicated to reader privacy. We never accept ads. But we still need to pay for servers and staff. If you find our site useful, please chip in. —Brewster Kahle, Founder, Internet Archive. Donor challenge: A generous supporter will match your donation 3-to-1 right now. Your $5 becomes $20! Dear Internet Archive Supporter: Time is Running Out! I ask only once a year: please help the Internet Archive today. We’re an independent, non-profit website that the entire world depends on. Our work is powered by donations averaging about $41. If everyone chips in $5, we can keep this going for free. For the cost of a used paperback, we can share a book online forever. When I started this, people called me crazy. Collect web pages? Who’d want to read a book on a screen? For 21 years, we’ve backed up the Web, so if government data or entire newspapers disappear, we can say: We Got This. The key is to keep improving—and to keep it free. We have only 150 staff but run one of the world’s top websites. We’re dedicated to reader privacy. We never accept ads. But we still need to pay for servers and staff. The Internet Archive is a bargain, but we need your help. If you find our site useful, please chip in. —Brewster Kahle, Founder, Internet Archive. Donor challenge: A generous supporter will match your donation 3-to-1 right now. Your $5 becomes $20! Dear Internet Archive Supporter: Time is Running Out! I ask only once a year: please help the Internet Archive today. We’re an independent, non-profit website that the entire world depends on. Our work is powered by donations averaging about $41. If everyone chips in $5, we can keep this going for free. For the cost of a used paperback, we can share a book online forever. When I started this, people called me crazy. Collect web pages? Who’d want to read a book on a screen? For 21 years, we’ve backed up the Web, so if government data or entire newspapers disappear, we can say: We Got This. We’re dedicated to reader privacy. We never accept ads. But we still need to pay for servers and staff. If you find our site useful, please chip in. —Brewster Kahle, Founder, Internet Archive. Donor challenge: A generous supporter will match your donation 3-to-1 right now. Your $5 becomes $20! Dear Internet Archive Supporter: Time is Running Out! I ask only once a year: please help the Internet Archive today. We’re an independent, non-profit website that the entire world depends on. Our work is powered by donations averaging about $41. If everyone chips in $5, we can keep this going for free. For the cost of a used paperback, we can share a book online forever. When I started this, people called me crazy. Collect web pages? Who’d want to read a book on a screen? For 21 years, we’ve backed up the Web, so if government data or entire newspapers disappear, we can say: We Got This. We’re dedicated to reader privacy. We never accept ads. But we still need to pay for servers and staff. If you find our site useful, please chip in. —Brewster Kahle, Founder, Internet Archive. Donor challenge: A generous supporter will match your donation 3-to-1 right now. Your $5 becomes $20! Dear Internet Archive Supporter: Time is Running Out! I ask only once a year: please help the Internet Archive today. We’re an independent, non-profit website that the entire world depends on. Our work is powered by donations averaging about $41. If everyone chips in $5, we can keep this going for free. For the cost of a used paperback, we can share a book online forever. When I started this, people called me crazy. Collect web pages? Who’d want to read a book on a screen? For 21 years, we’ve backed up the Web, so if government data or entire newspapers disappear, we can say: We Got This. We’re dedicated to reader privacy. We never accept ads. But we still need to pay for servers and staff. If you find our site useful, please chip in. —Brewster Kahle, Founder, Internet Archive. I was looking around for good training schedules and tactics and I found one of each that worked great with all the premiership teams I played with (I didn't try them with any other league). To download the following training schedules right click on each one and click 'save link/target as'. A filename will already be entered with the extension.txt, change the extension to.tsc and save the files to C: CM 03-04 user data training (The location of the training folder might be different for your computer) I got the training schedule from CMGreece and it consists of a schedule for, Central defenders, and (midfielders and fullbacks). Make sure you Tick the box in 'Manager Options' that says 'rest the day after a match'. The best results came with 3 Physio's and 3 coaches in EACH outfield schedule and 2 Physio's and coaches for goallies. To download the following tactic right click on it and click 'save link/target as'. I ran this tactic with wolves First season came 15th. Jan 23, 2008 Best Answer: 4-4-2. Championship Manager 4. 4-4-2 Diamond Given Geremi Taylor Rozenhal J.Enrique Butt Milner Duff /. The 9 best editions of Football Manager/Championship. Managers who could quickly see through your time-honoured tactics and. Championship Manager. Not bad 2nd season won the double - I shiit you not!! Players I have Isakasson Nalyor Craddock Melchiot (free trans) Carr (free Transfree) Pennant (loan) Kallstrom Parker (charlton were reglated. Bought for 6m) Tifferet(german winger free trans) Miller Hidalgo (bought for 150k - worth 11 million now - scored 36 goals) (bought abner clampett. For 250k - sold for 8 million) Pretty much played the same team for the season - Can't believe it ** 3rd season now - bought carlton cole(6million) and Robinho(15) and pennant (8million) - sold kennady for 7million, silas for 5, cameron for 2.5 28 games played in league 5 points off leaders won league cup - knocked out of europe + fa cup finding players are getting real tired. Originally posted by eirebhoy a lot of the arrows in training are pointing down in the red but the maker of the schedules said that is to be expected and the players are actually getting better. Seems a bit odd though. This is because the improvement and disimprovement of the player under training schedules isn't always straight forward. Overall there should be an improvement but the training arrows will point down (red) everynow and then if the player is tired or unhappy or whatever. Its a case of '2 steps forward, 1 step back' which still ends up improving the player. Yeah the arrows geta bit confusing because their actually tracking over a short term period. I find my generally good training schedules (that have made great players and won me stuff with average enough lads) can look really bad at times in the middle of a season. Players playing loads of matches are I suppose going to disimprove due to wreckedness or age and players with bad morale will do the same but it's a little scary to see nowt but red arrows because the stats are only being tracked over a week or so rather than the whoel season. Also variation in stats seems a bit extreme I've regularily had lads like James Milner varying from 15 for dribbling to 13 in a week to 12 the week after, this is on a schedule with a good bit of technique/sprints/overloading attacking etc. I noticed in particular for dribling because it's the difference between having a winger you can tell to run with the ball and a winger you can't. I.e the differnece between a good winger and a bad one. Written by Darren Smith Hi guys and welcome to another edition of our best FM 2017 tactics series. You may remember last years 4-1-2-3 which proved to be one of our most popular downloads yet, well here is version 2.0 recreated for FM 2017. If you like devastating attacks, plenty of excitement and edge of your seat Football this is the tactic for you. Plenty of goals and pressing Football for all. Best FM 2017 Tactics: Formation This system is based around the popular 4-1-2-3, or 4-5-1 as some prefer. The two central defenders and half back offer securitythe rest? Well its a bit chaotic with complete wing backs bombing on the overlap, two attacking central midfielders making late runs into the box, a false nine pulling defenders away and two marauding inside forwards with the freedom to do as they please. Sounds like a defensive nightmare I know, but that three man defensive shield keeps it all together and every player is instructed to mark tightly and close down so they all do a job defensively. This FM 2017 version is very similar to last years, shape and roles haven’t changed but I have made a few amendments to individual instructions. Best FM 2017 Tactics: Team Instructions All instructions should remain the same regardless of opponent, the only time you may feel the need to adjust is if your opponent pack out the middle of the field and you keep losing possession as a result, then playing a little wider may help. This is a pressing tactic that unsettles the opposition and includes some very physical play. Before we move on, please do not ask me to list the individual player instructions, I have made the effort of making, testing and writing this tactic up, adding the individual instructions would just make the post too long. However, the player instructions are very, very important and that is why I have put this tactic up for download. Best FM 2017 Tactics: Player Roles GK – goalkeeper (defend) – standard goalkeeper CD – central defender (defend) – typical central defenders as ever, tackling, positioning, strength and heading are key attributes, try and avoid slow centre backs as you can be in danger of the counter attack and passes over the top. DR/DL – complete wing backs (attack) – Very important to the success of this tactic. These guys overlap the inside forwards and a better cross means more goals. Though must work hard to get back and speed is vital also. DM – half back (defend) – This guy can drop back to form a three man defence or act as a shield in front of your defence so he needs to tackle, head the ball, mark and pass. Defensive attributes are best but an all round midfielder would be ideal. CM – central midfielder (attack) – The complete midfielder would be ideal but players with great physical ability and good speed are best, both CM’s are instructed to get further forward and dribble more as well as move into channels. They must be able to pass and the better they are in front of goal the more they’ll score. AMR/AML – inside forward (attack) – lots of goals and assists from these two players, they have a lot of freedom and you need someone who has vision, flair, speed, dribbling and finishing ability. Also off the ball is important as the ability to be lost in the box will make scoring easier. The better these two are the more success you will gain and magician dribblers are preferred but I also found long shot ability a handy extra. ST – false nine (support) – Possibly the hardest position to fill. This guy must do it all, he needs speed, dribbling, flair and the usual finishing attributes. Off the ball is very important as is anticipation but don’t underestimate how good passing should be, this guy needs to pick out the inside forwards. Note I found great false nines that didn’t work as they could not carry the ball well, so get speed and dribbling ability. Best FM 2017 Tactics: Results Premier League with Southampton. We actually won every trophy on offer. Worth noting though that I strengthened heavily for the season and gained Depay and Lemar on loan for nothing so two very vital signings at little outlay. Southampton have a massive budget if you request more and up the expectations, worth noting for those who like a little to spendnot to mention a number of high value players that aren’t suitable for the tactic. All of which were sold for decent money. Player Stats I cannot stress enough how important the F9 and inside forwards are, if they have a bad day you will have a bad day. If you can have strength in depth also it helps as one from the bench can really turn a game. Also don’t underestimate the importance of those complete wing backs, as seen below, Cedric chipped in with a number of assists. Yes I spent a lot of money, but with that we won the lot, on a more modest budget you can still have an extremely good seasonto prove that I played eleven games with Sheffield Wednesday below. Short test with Sheffield Wednesday Note we are top after 11 games despite the false nine (Forestieri) not clicking with the tactic. He has only scored two goals. Best FM 2017 Tactics: Top Tips • This has been tested for patch 16.1.2. We cannot predict whether this will work on later patches due to potential match engine changes. • Note, this tactic can seem inconsistent at times. You may be watching in key highlights mode and not seeing all the chances your players are missing. If your players are not creating chances then you do not have a suitable squad to use this system. Remember the front three are key. • As with any tactic it needs loading at the start of pre-season. Also avoid signing a whole new team unless you are experienced doing so. These two things will see you under perform not because of a poor tactic but because of poor management. • Pre-season: General training – team cohesion with high intensity. • During Season: General Training – balanced (medium intensity), Match Preparation – take assistants advice and judge by form, I found attacking movement most often when on song. • For opposition instructions use your assistant manager or coach with best tactical knowledge. • Be aware you need a decent size squad. At least two players per position to allow for injuries and bans if you are in Europe. • If you do not have suitable players for the DR, DL, AMR, AML and ST then this tactic will be hindered. Best FM 2017 Tactics: Download If you would like to give the tactic a try, follow the instructions below: 1. Click the download link above and download the file. Once the file is downloaded move it to the following folder documents>sports interactive>football manager 2017>tactics 3. Now load the game as normal and enter the tactics screen. In the tactics screen, click the tactic you currently have loaded then select ‘load’ from the drop-down menu 5. Select ‘Darren’s devastating 4-1-2-3 2.0′ and click load. Thanks for reading. Please feel free to leave a comment. Hope you enjoy:). Written by Johnny Karp Hello folks! As I promised I’m going to reveal the tactic that brought me to some unexpected triumphs with my Chester City team in FM 2009. You already know that I won the,,, and, last but not least, the using these tactics, so I can say that it really worked for me. The tactic was not made by me, I only added a few tweaks here and there. It was made by a nice Romanian user down at The Dugout Forums, his nickname is Steeler. Here is that he opened to describe the tactic, I guess nobody can do that better than him. I’m using two versions of the tactic, depending on the opponent that I have to face. The one that I use the most is the counter attack tactic, which I used in the against Barcelona. The second version of the tactic is more attacking, with the full backs getting more forward runs and with the striker set up as target man. I used this version mostly for home games and for games against weaker opponents that use very defensive tactics. The thing that I like about this tactic is that it produces a very good attacking play, if you have good creative players in midfield you will be amazed of the plays that they will produce. The wingers are essential to the success of this tactic, you will need fast wingers with good dribbling and good shooting also. If your midfielders have good long shots they will score a lot of goals too. The other great thing about this tactic is the set pieces, specially the corners. If you have good corner takers and players with good heading you will score loads from corners. About the opposition instructions, most times I don’t set specific instructions, I do that only if I see during the game that one or two of the opposition players are giving me a hard time. For instance, in the I chose to hard tackle and show to the weaker foot their two central midfielders because they were dictating play and giving their team a lot of great passes. That’s about it, you can download the two tactics by clicking on the download badge below. This has been the best FM 2009 tactic I’ve used so far, and I’ve used it only with patch 9.3. If you have questions about the tactic just leave a comment, I’ll try to answer as soon as possible. Portable zimbra desktop 1.0.3 reconstituted parts: Zimbra Desktop is free for anyone download and use. It works on Windows, Apple and Linux computers. 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And, as sad as it is to say, Thunderbird is the only free and open source desktop email client that’s actually worth using. Other open source clients exist, but they’re riddled with issues like clunky interfaces, glitchy performance, and lack of advanced features. If you’re adamant about never spending a penny and never switching to a web-based client, then Thunderbird is your best bet. It can do pretty much anything you need, including and, among other. Download: (Free) 2. Mailspring Available for Windows, Mac, Linux. Back in 2016, Nylas Mail hit the scene and looked as if it’d be the desktop email client to put all other desktop email clients to shame. But then in August 2017, the team announced that they’d no longer be working on Nylas Mail and opened up the source to the public. One of the original authors then forked the project and relaunched Nylas Mail as Mailspring. In addition to keeping the project alive, he optimized and improved many of the internal components, resulting in quicker syncing, less RAM usage, faster launch times, and more. Thunderbird may be the client of choice for those who want reliability and time-tested staying power, but Mailspring is the client to use if you want something fresh, new, exciting, and full of future potential. It’s free to use indefinitely with some advanced features locked behind a subscription. Notable Free Version Features • Syncs with Gmail, Office 365, Yahoo, iCloud, FastMail, and IMAP. • Unlimited email accounts and unified inbox. • Undo sent emails within a given period of time. • Support for pre-built themes, layouts, and emojis. 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Notable Free Version Features • Slick Modern UI interface that fits well with Microsoft apps. • Syncs with Gmail, Exchange, iCloud, Office 365, and Outlook.com. • Conversational view for email threads. • Integration with all common chat services, including Jabber. • Supports up to 2 email accounts. Notable Pro Version Features • Supports an unlimited number of email accounts. • Can be used for commercial purposes (e.g. Business office use). • VIP support and troubleshooting. Download: (Free, $50 one-time purchase) Or Just Use Built-In Mail Apps If the above clients seem overly complex for your email needs, then you can always resort to the Mail app that comes pre-installed on Windows 8 and 10 ( while others think The Windows 10 Mail app has matured into a competitive desktop email client. We show you seven smart features you have to know if you want to be a power user.). If you’re on Mac, Apple Mail is more than adequate (). Personally, I think all of these apps are fantastic so don’t fret too much. They all get the job done, so give each one a try and stick to the one you like best. As for me, it’s a toss-up between Mailspring and Thunderbird. Which free desktop email client do you like the best? Do you lean more towards the traditional or do you prefer something radical and unique? Share with us down in the comments! • / / Zimbra Desktop Zimbra Desktop Downloads Free and Open Source Email Client 7.3.1 GA Release Platform Downloads Windows 64-bit 111.8 MB| Windows MSI Installer Windows 32-bit 104.3MB| Windows MSI Installer Mac OS X 10.9+ 198.7 MB| DMG Package Linux x86 131 MB| TAR.GZ Package Linux x64 127.9 MB| TAR.GZ Package 7.3.0 GA Release Platform Downloads Windows 64-bit 106.4MB| Windows MSI Installer Windows 32-bit 98.6MB| indows MSI Installer Mac OS X 10.9+ 114.8MB| DMG Package Linux x86 117.6MB| TAR.GZ Package Linux x64 115.8MB| TAR.GZ Package Quick Links. Tafsir Al-Azhar Buya Hamka 30 Juz (9 Jilid Lengkap) bisa Anda dapatkan dengan menghubungi: Phone/WA: 0853-1131-9907 Tafsir Al-Azhar adalah hasil karya terbesar dari. Tidak diragukan, orang pertama yang menerangkan, mengajarkan, dan menafsirkan Al Qur’an adalah Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam. Para shahabat telah menerima Al Qur’an dari Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam secara bacaan dan pemahaman. Mereka mengetahui makna-makna, maksud-maksud dan rahasia-rahasianya karena kedekatan mereka dengan Rasulullah, khususnya Al-Khulafa’ Ar-Rasyidin, Abdullah bin Mas’ud, Ibnu Abbas, Ubai bin Ka’ab, Zaid bin Tsabit, Abu Musa Al-Asy’ari dan Abdullah bin Az-Zubair radhiallahu ‘anhum.Ciri khas dari madrasah tafsir dengan atsar adalah menafsirkan ayat Al Qur’an dengan satu atau lebih ayat Al Qur’an lainnya. Bila tidak memungkinkan maka ditafsirkan dengan hadits Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam yang shahih. Jika tidak ditemukan hadits yang menjelaskannya maka ditafsirkan dengan ucapan shahabat terutama shahabat yang telah disebutkan di atas. Jika ucapan shahabat tidak ditemukan maka dengan ucapan tabi’in seperti Mujahid, Ikrimah, Sa’id bin Al-Musayyib, Sa’id bin Jubair, ‘Atha bin Abi Rabbah dan Al-Hasan Al-Basri. Namun jika semuanya ada, maka biasanya disebut semua. Adapun menafsirkan Al Qur’an dengan akal semata, haram menurut kesepakatan ulama Ahlus Sunnah, apalagi tafsir yang dilandasi ilmu filsafat -walaupun terkadang benar- termasuk dalam sabda Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam. “Barangsiapa berkata tentang Al Qur’an dengan akalnya atau tanpa ilmu maka siapkanlah tempat duduknya dengan api neraka.” (HR. At-Tirmidzi, hadits hasan) Al-Imam Asy-Syaukani rahimahullah -beliau juga menulis tafsir- mengatakan bahwa Tafsir Ibnu Katsir adalah salah satu kitab tafsir terbaik, jika tidak bisa dikatakan sebagai tafsir terbaik, dari kitab-kitab tafsir yang ada. Al-Imam As-Suyuthi rahimahullah menilai tafsirnya menakjubkan, belum ada ulama yang menandinginya. Asy-Syaikh Muhammad bin Shalih Al-‘Utsaimin rahimahullah dalam bukunya Al-‘Ilmu menganjurkan penuntut ilmu membaca Tafsir Al Qur’anil ‘Azhim atau yang lebih dikenal dengan Tafsir Ibnu Katsir. Ibnu Katsir memiliki metode sendiri dalam bidang ini, yakni: • Tafsir yang paling benar adalah tafsir Alquran dengan Alquran sendiri. • Selanjutnya bila penafsiran Alquran dengan Alquran tidak didapatkan, maka Alquran harus ditafsirkan dengan hadits Nabi Muhammad, sebab menurut Alquran sendiri Nabi Muhammad memang diperintahkan untuk menerangkan isi Alquran. • Jika yang kedua tidak didapatkan, maka Alquran harus ditafsirkan oleh pendapat para sahabat karena merekalah orang yang paling mengetahui konteks sosial turunnya Alquran. • Jika yang ketiga juga tidak didapatkan, maka pendapat dari para tabiin dapat diambil. Tafsir Ibnu Katsir Jilid 8 (Al-Waaqi’ah – An-Naas) Bisa anda beli SHAHIH TAFSIR IBNU KATSIR, Kelebihan buku ini, buku ini diterjemahkan oleh ustadz yang lurus pemahamannya, sehingga dalam menerjemahkan itu benar, sesuai maksud penulis tafsir tersebut yag pemahamannya juga sama, yaitu Harga Satu set ada 9 Jilid 1.260.000,- Cara pemesanan, kirimkan SMS dengan kode SI_nama_Alamat Kirimkan ke nomor sms center blog ini di 0812 1207 0001 HARGA belum termasuk ongkos kirim Pengiriman menggunakan JNE Reguler UNTUK PULAU JAWA. BEBAS ONGKOS KIRIM JIKA MEMBELI SATU PAKET Mau beli per jilid saja?? Bisa Lho sekarang. Jilid 1, Harga: Rp 140.000 Jilid 2, Harga: Rp 140.000 Jilid 3, Harga: Rp 133.000 Jilid 4, Harga: Rp 133.000 Jilid 5, Harga: Rp 140.000 Jilid 6, Harga: Rp 140.000 Jilid 7, Harga: Rp 140.000 Jilid 8, Harga: Rp 140.000 Jilid 9, Harga: Rp 140.000 Penyusun: Tim Ahli tafsir dibawah pengawasan Syaikh Shafiyurrahman Al Mubarakfuri Dimensi: 16×24 cm, Hardcover Penerbit: Pustaka Ibnu Katsir. Ya saya dan yakin pembaca lain sangat bersyukur dan berterima kasih dengan adanya Tafsir Ibnu Kasir yang bisa di download meski belum 30 juz lengkap. Hanya Alloh yang bisa membalas atas kebaikan ini. Mas admin, untuk juz 10, 13, 14, 15. Bisa saya download tetapi saya klik 2 link: DJVU Viewer maupun yang TIK.djvu.ga bisa terbaca tu.mungkin laptop saya yang tidak canggih dan ketidak tahuan saya atas program rar. Ya saya sukuri dengan membaca yang sudah ada dulu. Sambil menunggu kelengkapan bisa mendapatkan kelengkapannya. Terima kasih. Diekstrak dulu kang yang file rar dengan winrar, ekstrak kedua file tersebut, lalu buka djvu viewernya. Maaf kang, mau tanya,,, kitab tersebut asli gratis(legal)? Atau bajakan (illegal)? Saya khawatir kalo kitabnya illegal, nanti ilmu yang saya dapatkan setelah baca kitab tersebut ga berkah. Insya Allah gratis, itu file softcopy, bukan scan dari kitab yang diterbitkan oleh penerbit tertentu, dan ada peringatan tidak boleh disebarkan tanpa ijin, so, jadi bebas saja, tidak ada copyright, berarti boleh didownload dan disebarkan atau digunakan, Alhamdulillah atas kemudahan ini, mohon balas kang. Syukron Afwan. Afwan admin, Tentang belum adanya juz Juz 19 s/d 25, ini bukan soal udah banyak atau belum nya. Tapi kan judul artikel ini katanya “Download Tafsir Ibnu Katsir Lengkap 30 Juz Terjemahan Indonesia” Ternyata isinya menyelisihi judulnyahehe Lagi pula, jika secara kebetulan kita membutuhkan penjelasan tafsir ayat yg ada di antara juz 19 sampe 25 itu, bagaimana? Barakallahu fiiika Jazakallahu khairan ustadz, insya allah ana lengkapin semampunya sambil nyari link yg tidak ada, judul sudah diganti. Wa fiika baarakallah. Ya saya dan yakin pembaca lain sangat bersyukur dan berterima kasih dengan adanya Tafsir Ibnu Kasir yang bisa di download meski belum 30 juz lengkap. Hanya Alloh yang bisa membalas atas kebaikan ini. Mas admin, untuk juz 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. Meski belum ada linknya tetapi Ya saya sukuri dengan membaca yang sudah ada dulu. Sambil menunggu kelengkapan bisa mendapatkan kelengkapannya. Terima kasih.Wasalamu Alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh. Wa’alaikumussalam warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Mudah-mudahan bermanfaat. Jazakumullahu khairan. Tks, atas fasilitas download yang diberikan ini. Saya sangat senang bisa mendapatkan tafsir Al-Qur’an karangan Ibnu Katsir secara cuma-cuma, semoga Allah membalas niat baik Bapak dengan pahala yang sangat besar. Tetapi saya masih merasa tidak nyaman atas fasilitas ini, apakah sudah mendapat izin dari penerbitnya atau belum. Saya takut dosa, begituuu. Salam, Wa’alaikumussalam warahmatullahi wabarakatuh, Jika anda merasa tidak nyaman, beli saja buku tafsir tersebut, alhamdulillah sudah diterjemahkan dan diterbitkan, bahkan dengan kualitas lebih bagus dari versi ebook gratis ini. Sy menginginkan: 1. Tafsir ibnu katsir 1-30 sprt yg sdh sy donwload. Tafsir hadist rasulullah saw.yg benar2 shohih 3. Riwayat atau kejadian turunya wahyu (al-quran)maaf contoh firman allah ttg perang hunain dll sbgy,sy ingin mengetahui kejadian2turunnya wahyu. Maaf kira 2 berapa biaya nya? Makasih assalamua’laikum jazakumullahu khairan. Wa’alaikumussalam warahmatullah. Untuk tafsir ibnu katsir, bisa beli shahih tafsir ibnu katsir, ada 9 jilid, harga 1 juta lebih, untuk pasnya nanti saya tanyakan, Untuk hadits rasulullah yang benar-benar shahih bisa beli buku Shahih bukhari, ada 5 jilid, harga 1,1 juta Harga belum termasuk ongkos kirim, Saran saya sih, beli buku-buku tentang akidah dahulu, harganya relatif jauh lebih murah. Jazakumullahu khairan. Akhisaya belom paham dengan ” setelah didownload rubah ekstensi pdf menjadi zip, setelah itu di ekstrak, ada dua file, DJVU Viewer.exe dan file tafsirnya, silahkan klik dua kali file DJVU Viewernya untuk membaca file tafsirnya” tolong bisa di jelaskan akhi maksud a secara detail lagi???? Sukron sebelum a Terimakasih mas yudistira. Begini, disitu kan tertulisnya Juz 10.pdf, nah sebenarnya itu bukan file pdp, tapi file zip, jadi nama filenya diganti menjadi Juz 10.zip, lalu klik file zip tersebut, nanti akan terekstrak menjadi file DJVU viewer.exe dan file tafsirnya, Jadi kalau masih namanya Juz 10.pdf, maka tidak akan bisa dibuka, karena sebenarnya itu bukan file pdf. Demikian mas, mudah-mudahan bisa dipahami. Assalamu’alaikum wr wb. Maaf mau tanya. Beberapa bulan yang lalu saya pernah dwonload tafsir 30 juz. Waktu itu androit saya blm saya pasang kartu sd, ketika saya pasang sd card kok tiba2 file tidak bisa di buka. Tapi adob reader masih bisa berfungsi untuk membaca file yg baru didownload. Minta solusinya. Terimakasih, semoga Allah senantiasa mejaga Anda dan orang2 yang serupa dg anda. Wa’alaikumussalam warahmatullahi wabarakatuh, Oh iya, setelah saya cek banyak filenya yang dihapus dari server oleh pihak wordpress, maklum, karena saya pakai blog gratisan, mudah2an nanti bisa saya nyicil untuk memperbaiki linknya. Jadi yang terdownload bukanlah file pdf tersebut, tapi cuma namanya saja. Dan alangkah lebih baiknya jika anda beli saja buku tafsirnya. Bisa dipesan secara ONLINE, saya ikut menjualnya juga Jazakumullahu khairan atas suport dan doanya. Apa yang harus dilakukan ketika kita ngasih tahu tentang kebenaran malah di katain sok tahu dsb Kebenaran yang kita ketahui, itu untuk diri kita sendiri dulu mas. Utk menghilangkan kebodohan kita, utk kita amalkan. Adapun mendakwahkan kepada orang lain, maka butuh ilmu. Kalau orang yang mengajarkan kebenaran lalu dikata-katain. Rasulullah juga sebaik-baik manusia, paling bagus akhlaknya, itu juga dikata-katain jelek. Jadi ga usah aneh, heran. Sebagai bekal berdakwah, sebaiknya silahkan download ebooknya. Asalamualaikum ya akhi, ana mau tanya apakah ada perbedaan dalam hal susunan kata2 dan makna yang di kandung dalam tafsir,antara ebook nya ini dengan tafsir yang asli yang 9 set itu? Wa’alaikumussalam warahmatullah, Berbeda dalam sisi terjemahan, tentu lebih bagus yang 9 set, apalagi itu sudah dipilih hanya hadits-hadits yang shahih saja. Penerjemahpun memiliki pemahaman islam yang benar, sehingga hasil terjemahannya itu mudah dipahami, dan sesuai dengan yang dimaksud dengan penyusun tafsir tersebut, sebab imam ibnu katsir mengikuti pemahaman para sahabat. 30 Juz (9 Jilid Lengkap) bisa Anda dapatkan dengan menghubungi: Phone/WA: Tafsir Al-Azhar adalah hasil karya terbesar dari ulama ternama yaitu Prof. HAMKA (Buya Hamka), yang terkenal dengan kemampuan beliau berbicara dari hati ke hati dengan pendengar ataupun pembacanya. Membaca tafsir al-Azhar sangat jauh dari kesan berat, teoritis dan membosankan. Dalam penyusunan Tafsir Al Azhar Buya HAMKA menggunakan metode tahlili (analitis) tafsir Al-Quran dengan Al-Quran, tafsir Al-Quran dengan hadits pendapat sahabat dan tabiin tafsir dengan tafsir muktabar penggunaan syair menggunakan analisis bilmatsur, menganalisis dengan kemampuan analisis sendiri dan disusun tanpa membawa pertikaian antar madzhab. Tafsir Al-Azhar menitikberatkan penjelasan ayat-ayat Al-Quran dengan ungkapan yang teliti menjelaskan makna-makna yang dimaksuddalam Al-Quran dengan bahasa yang indah dan menarik dan menghubungkan ayat dengan realitas sosial dan sistem budaya yang ada. Buya HAMKA membicarakan permasalahan sejarah sosial dan budaya di Indonesia. Beliau juga mendemonstrasikan keluasaan pengetahuan dan menekankan pemahaman ayat secara menyeluruh (mengutip ulama-ulama terdahulu) mendialogkan antara teks Al-Quran dengan kondisi umat Islam saat Tafsir Al-Azhar ditulis. Sebuah referensi yang wajib Anda miliki. Pengarang: Prof Dr Buya HAMKA Penerbit: Gema Insani Press Sampul: hard cover Berat: 15 kg Harga asli/toko: Rp 2.475.000 Harga promo: Rp 2.325.000 Gratis ongkos kirim khusus area: Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi, Karawang, Bandung, Cirebon, Serang. Pemesanan: Phone/WA Untuk buku selain Tafsir Al-Azhar Buya HAMKA, silakan request by Phone/WA. Download Tafsir Al-Quran Ibnu Katsir Lengkap 30 Juz Terjemah Bahasa Indonesia. E-Book Pdf Tafsir Ibnu Katsir lengkap 30 juz beserta terjemahan dalam bahasa Indonesia. TAFSIR Ibnu Katsir adalah Tafsir Al-Qur'an yang disusun oleh Ibnu Katsir. Bernama lengkap Ismail bin Katsir ( إسماعيل بن كثير) atau dengan gelar lengkapnya Ismail bin 'Amr Al-Quraisyi bin Katsir Al-Bashri Ad-Dimasyqi, Imaduddin Abu Al-Fida Al-Hafizh Al-Muhaddits Asy-Syafi'i, Ibnu Katsir adalah seorang ulama yang lahir tahun 1301 M di Busra, Suriah, dan wafat tahun 1372 M di Damaskus, Suriah. Guru Ibnu Katsir antara lain Burhanuddin al-Fazari, seorang ulama bermazhab Syafi'i. Ibnu Katsir juga berguru kepada ulama ternama lainya sepertu Ibnu Taymiyyah dan Ibnu al-Qayyim. Ibnu Katsir mendapat arahan dari ahli hadits terkemuka di Suriah, Jamaluddin al-Mizzi, yang di kemudian hari menjadi mertuanya. Ia pun sempat mendengar langsung hadis dari ulama-ulama Hijaz serta memperoleh ijazah dari Al-Wani. Tahun 1366 Ibnu Katsir diangkat oleh Gubernur Mankali Bugha menjadi Guru Besar di Masjid Ummayah Damaskus. Ibnu Katsir meninggal dunia tidak lama setelah menyusun kitab Al-Ijtihad fi Talab al-Jihad (Ijtihad Dalam Mencari Jihad) dan dikebumikan di samping makam gurunya, Ibnu Taimiyah. Berikut ini link download Gratis Ebook Tafsir Ibnu Katsir - File Pdf. Mulai dari Surat Al-Fatihah sampai dengan Surat An-Nas. LINK DOWNLOAD: Semoga dengan mendownload dan membaca Terjemah Tafsir Ibnu Katsir kita dapat meningkatkan iman, takwa, dan pemahaman keislaman. (Link Download Tafsir Al-Quran Terjemahan Bahasa Indonesia Lainnya: • • Catatan: semua file dalam format RAR. Jika di komputer Anda belum ada WinZip/WinRar, silakan. PC, Nervegear, PsP Happy April Fools! Capitalizing on the recent marketing success of Wizardry Online's permadeath feature, Gamepot is at it again attempting to capture the same visceral action feel in Sword Art Online. Meet up with your favorite characters from the popular anime as you attempt to level, advance, and survive to reach the game's final floor in constantly updated content driven by player's choices. Features: Evolving Story: Live the fantasy as the game world evolves with regular updates introducing new levels of the tower and new GM run events to keep players forever logged in. Unique Character Builds: Adjust your character's build as it evolves in unpredictable ways depending on a 300 question personality quiz given during character creation. One Character, One Server: Live one unified tale with Aeria's advanced server technology negating the need for channels or multiple servers. You'll never be alone in Sword Art Online. Sandbox Crafting: The world is yours for the players to create! Construct towns and even fortresses, control them through weekly PvP battles, and set the rules of the land! Download Game SAO (Sword Art Online) For Pc Gratis game ini sangat seru di mainkan di laptop atau di komputer anda di jamin ga bakalan nyesel. But be careful, the pride of your guild might cost you your character's life! To be able to create a device such as the nerve gear you would have to have knowledge on neural science, bio engineering, and a mass amount of funds to start the creation of a thing that could stop all signals from the brain to the rest off the body without harming the person then being able to successfully transmit those same signals to a virtual body on a massive server created and hosted on a advanced computer. And how exactly almost all the body would be shut down and the mind still fully active and nothing harmed in this entire process. Why has no one ever thought of using DMT? The Chemical that the brain produces while sleeping. Why not use that chemical to object the brain into believing its dreaming, while its actully connected to the server. Using some kind of sleeping power while u put on the mask, and keep the individual sleeping as long as he is using the DMTGear, and once he pushes “log off” ingame, the sleeping powder stops producing. That would be in all possible ways unharmful to the brain. Not using sleep-mode/dreaming state/REM for a thing like this would most likely cause harm to your nerves. Hey mackens What state do you live in I might be able to hire you because I have discovered a way to do almost everything except the game part and my friend works for Microsoft so all I need is an extra hand. The best part of my studies is that I dont need to mess with the brain. I send a syndro-cell (my new nucleus I invented) signals to send to the nucleus which causes a chain reaction and changes the five senses to see, feel, and smell the projection linked to the syndro-cells. I haven’t discovered the taste part though sadly. What’s your email too? It may be sound weird but i have analyze that the brain can do everything.i managed to interview one of the solvent boys ( big boys and clever ) a.k.a rugby (solvent) boys i told them what do u feel if you do inhaled the solvent, they said. For a starter you cant see anything but a numbness of your body like drinking a beer. Afterwards that the brain was used to it, he tells me after a month he can now managed to see what the other solvent boys saw., thats what they call it a TRIP, a trip means something what u like. They are a fan of an anime, they said that they can even fire something power like kamehame wave in dragonball z or a reigun from yuyu hakusho. Sounds funny right? Now this is my first question. This is the serious thing that youve never imagine, how come that what the others saw he can also see and fell? Not only that there is another group from another area using solvent to be inhaled, he said the were thrown a big black ace spade to the sky, how come the can even saw from another area? Its like telepathy like aliens exchange brain signals to each other in order to communicate. @ cody Mattingly here is my email. Why dont you some what combine them and keep the human body “awake” enough for the breathing to be at a minimal while also dulling the human impulses as breathing takes no thought and breathes automatically unless told by the brain to stop and how you cant choke yourself to death your body and brain wont let you but here its your heart that does the work so if you just keep the brain dulling out of it it may work but if you do people wont walk around while playing the game so lets get to it guys!! “when you dream all of the movement impulses are in you brain they don’t travel down the brain stem or such and you would not be able to intercept them so trying to pick up the electrical signals created while dreaming is impossible so out of the question and once again would be unreliable even if some how it could happen” this is a comment i made regarding trying to use a dream its the same concept as this coma idea but for example a scanner hovering over your spine you’d be on your back that would be a bit bothersome would it not and quite expensive •. I think that if they went with the signal being sent to and from the server/brain via whatever transmitting device, then a sudden cut in power would result in it simply shutting down and the person waking up. Perhaps said transmission device could include a safety feature that automatically gets the person out if it loses the connection? And its circuitry could be designed to break if it is made to go beyond a certain limit, to protect from comas (that’s how fuses work.) Truth be told, I’m coming up with this from scratch, though. Hey i would be happy to fund you also but im creating a software just like this im am so close i just cant figure out a few algorithms but the full dive process is so close to being produced we just need about 1 million more US dollars to complete the project i have a huge donor already lined up for it and am hoping the process will be completed i already have a patent on my work but i would be happy to have someone else who can help with it. If you want email me back on this email and ill have one of my assistants talk to you about this. Focus on connecting the advanced nucleus cells located in of your brain to a new type of piece of a cell. The trick is to develop something that the advanced nucleus absorbs so it can pass to the five senses and tricks them into seeing the projections into the new type of piece of a cell. That’s all my studies have gotten me to so far see if you can get any further ^-^. If you find out anything more please tell me I am friends with a game developer who works for Microsoft. Email me at cmattingly28(at)gmail.com •. If you guys don’t mind I would like to partake in researching information to support this project. It reminds me of another project I used to work on with a large group of people on a forum. We discussed making pressure activated, motorized roller blades called air treks which are from the anime Air Gear. I suggest that someone start a forum website that is able to accept donations. This is what the people on the air treck project did. It would be much better than posting on a website for MMOs. Cody Mattingly from all the posts I have read so far I believe you are focusing on the wrong problem and trying to create an overly complex solution for it. What your talking about is connecting a cell that is foreign to the user’s body and using some sort of technology to transfer information of human senses to that cell. If you are thinking practically then you will realise that all this will accomplish is one of two things the cells of the user’s brain accept the new cell as one of their own and basically you just have one extra brain cell-_- the other thing that could happen is that this new cell that obtains an ” advanced nucleus” (as if a human nucleus can be any more advanced) will obtain the information from the other cell using “something” and the foreign cell might become parasitic and keep absorbing information. When this happens, congratulations because the user now has a single celled organism that contains human intelligence sitting on their brain. Who knows what will happen then. The problem that you believe to have solved is not as complex as you’re making it out to be. All you need is a computer mainframe that can read brain signals and transfer it into code, this is actually very easy to do. In fact its been done before. There is a toy that you can find on ebay called Mind Flex, it is programmed to pick up brain waves and translate the signals into information so that it can measure your level of focus. This same technology can be used if it is just programmed further to the point where your thoughts become code that is able to control an avatar. So besides that the other things that need to be figured out is:.how to project signals back to the brain for the user to see an image and hear sounds.how to stimulate nerves in order ti simulate the sense of touch.how to simulate smell.how to simulate taste (No, “advanced nucleus cells” are not the solution) and finally.how to do all this without causing a physical reaction in the body •. It’s possible to use sensors to pick up the electrical signals transmitted from the spine. Take as an example: The sensors placed on an actual moving person so you can register what signals move what muscles. Then you’ve more or less turned the helmet into a controller. Added bonus, also look into the senses of the body. Smell, touch ect. Did you know devices that can produce hundreds of different scents exist? You can give a player the sensation of being in a field of flowers or even on the battle field with special pads with controlled air pouches. When the person is shot in the midst of battle motors push and pull air out of the pads giving the feeling of being shot (without the pain obviously). In a previous comment I made, I mention REM state (Rapid Eye Movement) it’s a state of deep sleep in which the voluntary muscles are paralyzed so that the person dreaming doesn’t act out their dreams physically. It’s natures way of keeping you from falling out of the tree at night if you will. Avoiding the big words, there are two things that have to be activated to cause the voluntary muscle paralysis. Anyone else cringe at when people like this one say “I will donate, but you better give me the game for free”? That is not donating, that is just lending. Wth the fact that at least most of you say that probably will donate nothing near enough to cover a full-game’s cost for it, so in the end you are just a big fat and ugly burden to creator(s). All you are doing is being selfish and arrogantly assuming you should get a free game because you tossed chump change in comparison to the amount of money needed to make this. The only thing you should get for being a single individual for donating money is some nice rare-ish item that is flashy and will be ultimately useless other than a money-spent trophy before even mid-game and/or some kinda thank you in the credits that no-one really reads nor will be that impressed. Donations aren’t for you to barely speed up the process and then get granted the ultimate reward of a full game. It should be for you to speed up the process so that you can hurry up and BUY the game. Donations are for the process, buying it is to thank the creators for the excellent game. Which is why you should only be awarded with something that will eventually be usless, because with donating you are already helping yourself, to get closer to incredible game. When you donate to charity, for example let’s sayyyyy cancer, you don’t have them keep a vial of the cure in case you develop it, you freaking helped mankind, that should be enough, right? Now I should aslo tell you to never post your own PRIVATE (so busniess emails obviously should not keep one of their means of communication private) email up on the internet to where anyone who was not meant to see it can see it. Forums, comment sections, anything of the such. Emails are probably your least-dangerous of your unique information you can give away, but is still bad to be seen by the wrong people. I could go ahead and snab your email adress and sell it to sleazy businesses for a quick buck, allowing them to target you and do whatever they aim to. But I won’t because that is stupid, and anyone who sells people’s private information are also stupid. I think I said everything I needed to. Anime is great I loved sword art online! To be able to create a device such as the nerve gear you would have to have knowledge on neural science, bio engineering, and a mass amount of funds to start the creation of a thing that could stop all signals from the brain to the rest off the body without harming the person then being able to successfully transmit those same signals to a virtual body on a massive server created and hosted on a advanced computer. And how exactly almost all the body would be shut down and the mind still fully active and nothing harmed in this entire process. Neuroscience is a very difficult subject. To have an object to disable your body functions You would probably become paralyzed or just even die. You would need test subjects. You could kill someone. If you want to take the risk and the punishment Just don’t even try. Our technology is far too mediocre. There are items such as the Oculus Rift that you could use. But it doesn’t use your body functions. It’s just a really good image. Get a degree for neuroscience and engineering before you even attempt. And don’t do anything that would harm another. Lol, I know im late and all, I dont know much about technology, But i can tell from the comments on this feed that you guys strongly believe that a Nervgear will actually be invented one day, Well I do also. I would mind being a test subject for it.lol As long as i get a free Nervgear and some extra bonus cash and items when i log into the game for the First launch:D. And the reality we live in just doenst cut it some times I believe there is more that meets the eye when it comes to our technology ? •. I WOULD DO ANYTHING TO PLAY THIS GAME.But I don’t want to play it with a death penalty.THIS THING CAN GET ADDICTIVE YOU KNOW!And have you guys heard the Nerve Gear system is 70% done.But i know they are hiding something. Some thing they don’t want us to know. I think this has to do with Area 51. I JUST KNOW IT! If you put the pieces together you will understand.We don’t have High Tech equipment,it’s been 1 year since the show came out, and why would they make a game like this all I know i a toddler might somehow login to the game and end up in there! Lol create SAO? Create a new OS first for 40+ years then create a mapping system which requires a huge amount of data. How can you create a full dive system? (Oculus rift isnt even Close? Sense of touch, smell and everything is needed. Everything you see around your room should be identical in the VR world. And the system uses the “nerve in the “brain”” which should be really problematic since it could be fatal. (Truthfully I think all people in this generation will die without experiencing the world of virtual reality) at least someone makes it before i am 18. Uh has anyone watched season two? They make it so you cant die in the game and die in real life. I was just looking through the comments and it seems like everyone one is revolving around season one. I just wanted to point that out, that in the second season kirito returns but in a new world and this time he can log out and he doesn’t die irl if he dies in the game, and why are there so many different companies/people trying to make this? Why don’t you all work together to try and make it work. Just don’t become power hungry like Suguro/Oberon and try to change a persons mind. I’m not sying im not a fan, I really do like this anime,but everyone one is saying im gonna do this or donate and we”ll make this, why not work together and make it. I really do hope that you all can work together to make this, it would change the world for better or worse. I’m sorry if i might have offended anybody but I’m just speaking the truth. Instead of going off of season one, I suggest to go off season two because they don’t die in real life, although there is a setting for pain, and i think that is much better then dieing in real life, but if this is made what are the possibilities of it being marketed? Some army or government might take it for training simulation if this was to become reality, and what is the possibility that this has already been made but the army is using it for training. I know that reality sucks but there is always consequence with action and these are the consequences of making this kind of game, it would be used far more than just a game for other people. I am sorry if i hurt anyone from my comment or maybe ruined their hopes and dreams, i really am and so if you have any thing you want to say to me email me. I do wish for this Virtual Reality to become reality but we just can’t make it happen all at once, there is, and always be consequence. I believe their was a reason why they made the year 2022, i hope that you all can see why too. The NerveGear is a helmet with a smooth, deep blue color. At the back, it has a wire of the same color stretched out of a long pad. It also has a battery and internal memory to store data from the games, which is how Kirito stored Yui in it. 30% of the NerveGear’s weight is from its internal battery. The NerveGear’s high density microwave transceivers can determine what the user’s face looks like. The transceivers not only block every transmission from the brain to the body, but also from the body to the brain; while using it, the player is completely insensate to the physical world. Unknown to anyone except for Kayaba prior to the opening of Sword Art Online, the NerveGear’s transceivers possess enough power to fry the player’s brain with a burst of microwaves, using the power from its internal battery, and SAO’s operating system has been programmed to do so if the player’s hit points are reduced to zero. If everyone wants to settle for a simpler design. I know a way to create a working system right off the bat. It’s just that its a more active system and people will be disappointed that you cant just put the helmet on and lay down to play Its not my original design but it’s a current tech possible design. Anyone out here remember when we were kids and Walmart started selling virtual reality games where you fought ninjas and such. Very similar. You have the helmet, air pads, a system similar to AromaRama, a flat top-rounded bottom treadmill base, and obviously the position sensors (like what the wii and such have). I mean its not high tech fancy but it would bring some of the scare factor back in Resident Evil. AND THIS LITTLE PRANK IS NOT FUNNY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1! Can you confirm that possibility? Because I’m convincedsadly ? that all anyone who makes the game (sword art online) will be able to do is. Just put it on a console and make it a 3rd person or first person.but not the real thing if you know what I`m saying? Virtual reality is definitely not impossible to reach but it will take beyond years to achieve. The entire body’s systems being intercepted and incorporated in a game? It would crash before even being started up. Not to mention the possibility of hurting some ones brain in real life where there isn’t another chance. Well I should say maybe since this is just a thought. Either way don’t think of what I just said as a negative comment. Don’t think about it as a put down either. Think of it as a chance to prove me wrong whom ever is actually trying to create such an amassing possibility of living. Well playing in a virtual world. I wish who ever is trying to make something similar to the nerve gear tons of luck and look forward to the day when virtual reality gaming will exist! All this from a 14 year oldwho knew right? All these people saying that they are working on something, right Especially since some of you can’t even use the right brain terms, keep on dreaming because that is all it is. Look at the octulus rift, that thing barely works, and that is as close as it gets, for now. Most of you sound like a couple of teenagers trying to brag, especially the dude with the MS friends. Having friends at MS means shit at this point, until the science part of all this has been figured out. For all I know they could be working at the cleaning crew, Pretty sure that even if MS, or any other company for that matter, would work on something like this, they wouldn’t even post it on a forum like this. They wouldn’t want the competition to know how far they got so far. And seriously, trying to recruit people on a site like this? Cmon, if you were any less full of shit, you’d be using descent project sites to recruit, not some unknown game forum. This entire page has to be the most pathetic thing I’ve ever seen on the internet so far. And that’s saying a lot:l To those of you who are apparently thick enough to believe that this is an actual game, its not. The person who typed all this is a troll, who likes to get attention by bringing people’s hopes up and then crushing them. That’s pretty sad. I hope you learned that some people are just stupid, I guess, and this has really put an emphasis on that for me. So, in conclusion, this is the best example of how not to be. ^^ I hope you all have a better experience on the internet and don’t act like this doofus. Hey guys, there is a possible way you lot can play a SAO. There is a team 30+ developers who have been working on a SAO mmo for about a year now here is the link to their Facebook fan page give it a like and support them because their dream is our dream! I’ll also link their youtube account they have a couple live streams on there that you can watch and forward your views onto it. They do listen to us and want to make it exactly to our standards its going to have almost everything that the anime has! It’s an amazing project and its worth backing up please show your support and stick with them until the end! I promise it’ll be worth it! ? Facebook Fan Page: YouTube Channel: •. This is the story for people who dont know it. Sword Art Online (SAO) is a Virtual Reality Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game (VRMMORPG), released in 2022. With the Nerve Gear, a virtual reality helmet that stimulates the user’s five senses via their brain, players can experience and control their in-game characters with their minds. On November 6, 2022, the players log into SAO for the first time, and later discover that they are unable to log out. They are then informed by Akihiko Kayaba, SAO’s creator, that if they wish to be free, they must reach the 100th floor of the game’s tower and defeat the final boss. However, if their avatars die in-game, their bodies will also die in the real world. One of these players is Kazuto “Kirito” Kirigaya, who was chosen as one of the 1,000 beta testers in the closed beta. Since he had previous experience and knowledge of the game, he felt that he could beat the game easily. As a result, he set out to beat the game on his own. As the game progresses for two years, Kirito eventually befriends a female player named Asuna with whom he ultimately falls in love. After the duo discover the identity of Kayaba’s avatar in SAO, they confront and destroy him, freeing themselves and the other players from the game. Upon being sent back to the real world, Kirito learns that Asuna and 300 other SAO players have still not awakened yet. Following a clue about Asuna’s whereabouts in another VRMMORPG called Alfheim Online (ALO), Kirito also enters the ALO’s mainframe. Helped by his sister Suguha Kirigaya, known as Leafa in the game, he learns that the trapped players in ALO are part of a plan conceived by Nobuyuki Sugō to perform illegal experiments on their minds to put them under his control, including Asuna, whom he intends to marry in the real world in order to take over her family’s company. After Kirito foils Nobuyuki’s plans, he finally reunites with Asuna back in the real world. Soon after, Kirito plays another game called Gun Gale Online (GGO) to investigate the mysterious connection between it and deaths occurring in the real world. Assisted by a female player he meets in the game called Sinon, he identifies and exposes the culprits, who include some former members of a murderous guild he had previously encountered in SAO. Kirito is later recruited to assist in testing a state-of-the-art FullDive machine, Soul Translator (STL), which has an interface that is far more realistic and complex than the previous machine he had played. He tests the STL by entering a Virtual Reality world created with The Seed package, named UnderWorld (UW). In the UW mainframe, the flow of time proceeds a thousand times faster than in the real world, and Kirito’s memories of what happens inside are restricted. However, he ends up falling into a trap set by one of the murderers from GGO and wakes up inside UnderWorld without any recollection of how he ended up there, unable to log out, with his real self left in a comatose state. Hello, i am a developper in a new little company (We are not a professional company) and we are working on a MMORPG that is inspired by SAO so if you think you have the skills to help us you can send me a little mail:. Or you can add me on skype(mrhade7). (We accept english and french people.). We are looking for c++ programmer, level disgner, web disgner, game disgner, 3D artist,. (This is not a job we make it for fun! But if we make money out of the game you will be paid!). If you have any questions or you want new’s about this project add me on skype or email me! Thanks to have read ? •. You should make it so it`s EXACTLY like SAO, well.as far as the NerveGear goes anyways. And probably all of the other stuff too. Like, use the Oculus Rift and, instead of using a controller to walk, attack and do other actions, use sensor gloves or something. Or, just a helmet, like the Oculus Rift, that connects to your brain somehow. Ok, think of the Mind Flex game, you use your mind to move the ball, well, the fan.but still, you have to think about the ball going up or down for it to move. Take the thought sensors of the Mind Flex headband, you may need to upgrade them in some scientific way, (I wouldn`t know how to do any of this stuff) the Oculus Rift headset, a mic, like an Xbox One mic or PS3 mic, put them all together, and you have the NerveGear headset from Sword Art Online. If this was a LEGIT/REAL Game And not a Troll/Rick Roll, The Creator/Owner Of This Website Would Of Probably Made Millions Or Even Billions,But Nope He was like “Lets Make The 2 Million+ Fans Of SAO (Sword Art Online) And Not Make Millions! We Could Make a Fortune But Lets Just Troll The Fans! HAHAHA!” So Owner of this Website You Fucked up You Dumb ass,You Had 2 Options The Good Option and The Bad Option The Good Option Was To Do a Charity Livestream And Use The Charity Money To Hire A Team Of Experts To Help Make The Game And Become Rich And Probably Dominate the Charts Of The Most Popular MMORPGs But You Didn’t The Bad Choice Was To Create A Website Saying You Were Creating a SAO (Sword Art Online) Game And Troll Everyone So You Fucked Up. -Anonymous •. I am so happy when you connect to my website. It created with the purpose is to share free PS3 games for all of you. At the present, more than 2000 free PS3 games are loaded on the website and it has still been in process of building, finishing the contents, so I hope that most of free PS3 games could be updated as soon as possible. To a new website, it does not have much your attention (PS3 players), but I wish you could give me a favour in advertising, introducing it to people by sharing its link for your friends, family members who own PS3 through out Facebook, twitter and other websites. If the website becomes a well – known one, this will a motivation push me to continue updating more free PS3 games, sharing to people. Thanks and best regards!!! Get the embed code Devo - Now It Can Be Told: Devo at the Palace 12/9/88 Album Lyrics1.(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction2.Gates of Steel3.Girl U Want4.Going Under5.Gut Feeling6.Happy Guy7.It Doesn't Matter to Me8.Jerkin' Back 'n' Forth9.Somewhere With Devo: (Suite Includes Shout and Disco Dancer)10.Whip It11.Working in a Coal MineDevo Lyrics provided by SongLyrics.com Note: When you embed the widget in your site, it will match your site's styles (CSS). This is just a preview! Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • Composition [ ] 'Girl U Want' was allegedly inspired by the song ' by, although Devo bassist and co-writer has denied this claim. The lyrics, in typical Devo style, describe a relationship marked by unrequited love/lust for a woman. 'Girl U Want' was first performed in December 1979 in a similar arrangement to the album version. Music video [ ] In the music video, Devo performs for a group of young women in the style of a performance from, with two robotic backup dancers, one male and one female. Further implying the televised nature of the performance, the color in the video is deliberately altered to make the red of the band's headgear look almost purple. The band wears the silver naugahyde suits from the cover of Freedom of Choice, and mime the song with synthesizers. Lyrics to 'Girl U Want' by Devo. She sings from somewhere you can't see / she sits in the top of the greenest tree / she sends out an aroma of undefined love /. During the video, the camera focuses on the girls in the audience exaggeratedly enjoying the performance, including one girl who is visually implied to 'wet' herself, which transitions to a scene of controlling the backup dancers. At one point, pulls aside the curtain behind the band to show an overweight man on a vibrating exercise machine, attempting to drink a milkshake to the ecstatic reaction of the audience. As the video ends, girls in the audience are shown holding signs with icons, including an. • Prato, Greg.. Retrieved 2012-05-10. • Ivan, DJ (July 2005).. • Huey, Steve.. Retrieved 2013-02-22. • Prato, Greg.. Retrieved 2013-02-22. Retrieved 2012-05-10. Retrieved 2012-05-10. Retrieved 2012-05-10. Retrieved 2016-10-16. Retrieved 2012-05-10. Retrieved 2012-05-10. • Mathew, Leslie.. Retrieved 2012-05-10. Archived from on 2015-07-16. Retrieved 2015-12-29. Retrieved 30 December 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-26. Retrieved 2016-10-16. External links [ ] • at •. |
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